Veronica chamaedrys

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Plantaginaceae
Tribus: Veroniceae
Genus: Veronica
Subgenus: V. subg. Chamaedrys
Species: Veronica chamaedrys
Subspecies: V. c. subsp. chamaedryoides – V. c. subsp. chamaedrys – V. c. subsp. micans
Name

Veronica chamaedrys L., Sp. Pl.: 13 (1753).
Synonyms

Homotypic
Veronica pulchella Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 92 (1796), nom. illeg.
Cardia ciliata Dulac, Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées: 390 (1867), nom. illeg.
Veronica bibarbata Stokes, Bot. Mat. Med. 1: 31 (1812), nom. illeg.
Veronicella chamaedrys (L.) Fourr., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 17: 128 (1869), comb. inval.
?Veronica chamedris Neck., Delic. Gallo-Belg. 1: 9. 1768.

Notes
Homonym

Veronica chamaedrys Hohen. (1833)

References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 13. Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Veronica chamaedrys in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Dec 11. Reference page.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Veronica chamaedrys in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 09-Oct-10.

Vernacular names
العربية: زهرة الحواشي الفطحاء
čeština: rozrazil rezekvítek
Cymraeg: Llygad doli
dansk: Tveskægget Ærenpris
Deutsch: Gamander-Ehrenpreis
English: germander speedwell, bird's-eye speedwell
español: veronica menor de prados, camedrio de zarzales, verónica menor de prados, beltrónica, verónica
eesti: külmamailane
فارسی: ورونیکا
suomi: Nurmitädyke
français: Véronique petit-chêne, Veronique petit-chene
hornjoserbsce: łučny rozraz, rězačk
magyar: Ösztörűs veronika
íslenska: Völudepla
日本語: カラフトヒヨクソウ, 樺太比翼草
lietuvių: paprastoji veronika
norsk bokmål: Tveskjeggveronika
Nederlands: Gewone Ereprijs, Gamander-ereprijs
norsk nynorsk: Tviskjeggveronika, Tveskjeggveronika
polski: przetacznik ożankowy
português: verónicas
русский: вероника дубравная
slovenčina: veronika obyčajná
slovenščina: vrednikov jetičnik
svenska: Teveronika, Mormors glasögon, Teärenpris
українська: вероніка дібровна
中文: 石蚕叶婆婆纳

Veronica chamaedrys, the germander speedwell, bird's-eye speedwell, or cat's eyes,[1][2] is a herbaceous perennial species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae.

Description

Veronica chamaedrys can grow to 50 cm (20 in) tall, but is frequently shorter, with stems that are hairy only along two opposite sides. The leaves are in opposite pairs, triangular and crenate, sessile or with short petioles. The flowers are deep blue with a zygomorphic (bilaterally-symmetrical) four-lobed corolla, 8–12 mm (0.3–0.5 in) wide. The capsules are wider than they are long.[3]: 591 

The blossoms of this plant wilt very quickly upon picking, which has given it the ironic name "Männertreu", or "men's faithfulness" in German.[4]

Veronica chamaedrys is a common, hardy turf so-called weed when it invades turf and lawns. It creeps along the ground, spreading by sending down roots at the stem nodes. It is propagated both by seed and stem fragments. Leaves may defoliate in the summer and winter but the stems will grow again next season. Unlike at least five other common speedwell species, such as corn speedwell (Veronica arvensis),[5] the leaves are opposite both on the upper and lower parts of the plant.[6][7] See the Veronica for special weed control considerations.
Distribution

This species is native to Europe and Asia west of the Ural Mountains.[8] It is found on other continents as an introduced species.
Uses

Veronica chamaedrys has been used in traditional Austrian herbal medicine internally (as tea) for disorders of the nervous system, respiratory tract, cardiovascular system, and metabolism.[9] In 18th century Britain, the plant had the reputation of being a cure for gout as well as being popular for making tea, the latter being so prevalent that the plant was nearly eradicated from London during the 18th century.[10]

References

"Veronica chamaedrys". www.ct-botanical-society.org. Retrieved 2017-12-30.
"Notes. Keats, John. 1884. Poetical Works". www.bartleby.com. Retrieved 2017-12-30.
Stace, C. A. (2010). New Flora of the British Isles (Third ed.). Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. p. 450. ISBN 9780521707725.
Friedhelm Sauerhoff, Pflanzennamen im Vergleich: Benennungstheorie und Etymologie [Plant names compared: theory of naming and etymology] (Stuttgart, Germany: Franz Steiner, 2001), page 206: Das bestätigt auch E. Mießner, wenn er zum Gamander-Ehrenpreis feststellt: "Da die Blüten leicht abfallen, auch deutscher Spottname 'Männertreu'..." (E. Mießner also confirms that, when he observes about Veronica chamaedrys: "Since the blossoms easily fall off, [it is] also [known by] the derisive German nickname, 'men's faithfulness'...")
other Turf Weeds at Virginia Tech: corn speedwell, Veronica arvensis http://turfweeds.contentsrvr.net/category_detail.pg_24.vesh
Turf Weeds at Virginia Tech; germander speedwell, Veronica chamaedrys: http://turfweeds.contentsrvr.net/category_detail.pg_17.vesh
Weed ID & info; Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University and Ronald Calhoun: http://www.msuturfweeds.net/details/_/germander_speedwell_13/
http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/di/scrophularia/veron/verochav.jpg
Vogl, Sylvia; Picker, Paolo; Mihaly-Bison, Judit; Fakhrudin, Nanang; Atanasov, Atanas G.; Heiss, Elke H.; Wawrosch, Christoph; Reznicek, Gottfried; Dirsch, Verena M.; Saukel, Johannes; Kopp, Brigitte (2013). "Ethnopharmacological in vitro studies on Austria's folk medicine—An unexplored lore in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of 71 Austrian traditional herbal drugs". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 149 (3): 750–71. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.007. PMC 3791396. PMID 23770053.
Lovett., Jones, Gareth; )., Gibbons, Bob (1949- (1996). Flora Britannica : supported by common ground. Chatto & Windus. ISBN 978-1856193771. OCLC 805221553.