Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Otomorpha
Subcohors: Ostariophysi
Sectio: Otophysa
Ordo: Siluriformes
Familia: Loricariidae
Subfamilia: Loricariinae
Tribus: Loricariini
Genus: Loricaria
Species: L. apeltogaster – L. cataphracta – L. clavipinna – L. coximensis – L. lata – L. lentiginosa – L. luciae – L. nickeriensis – L. parnahybae – L. piracicabae – L. prolixa – L. simillima – L. tucumanensis
Name
Loricaria Linnaeus, 1758
Gender: feminine
Type species: Loricaria cataphracta Linnaeus, 1758
Fixation: monotypy
References
Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Holmiæ: impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii. i–ii, 1–824 pp DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542: 307. Reference page.
de Carvalho Paixão, A. & Toledo-Piza, M. 2009. Systematics of Lamontichthys Miranda-Ribeiro (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), with the description of two new species. Neotropical Ichthyology 7(4): 519–568.
Thomas, M.R., Rodriguez, M.S., Cavallaro, M.R., Froehlich, O. & Castro, R.M.C. 2013. Loricaria luciae, a new species of whiptail catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Paraguay and lower Paraná River basins of southeastern South America. Zootaxa 3745(3): 365–378. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3745.3.4 Reference page.
Loricaria is a genus of armored catfish native to South America.
Contents
1 Taxonomy
2 Species
3 Distribution and habitat
4 Description
5 Ecology
6 References
Taxonomy
Loricaria was the first genus of the family Loricariidae described.[1] Thus, it is the nominal genus of the family Loricariidae.[2] Phylogenetic relationships within Loricaria and among other members of Loricariini remain uncertain. Its external morphology shows few shared derived characters, making comparison with other genera difficult. Loricaria has been hypothesized to occupy a basal position among members of the subtribe Loricariina, with the other genera possessing derived characters. Based on the characteristics of its mouth, Loricaria appears to maintain a close relationship with representatives of the Pseudohemiodon group.[2] Proloricaria is considered a synonym of Loricaria.[2]
Species
These are the currently recognized species in this genus:[3][4]
Loricaria apeltogaster Boulenger, 1895
Loricaria birindellii M. R. Thomas & Sabaj Pérez, 2010[5]
Loricaria cataphracta Linnaeus, 1758
Loricaria clavipinna Fowler, 1940
Loricaria coximensis M. S. Rodriguez, Cavallaro & M. R. Thomas, 2012[6]
Loricaria cuffyi Alejandro Londoño-Burbano, Alexander Urbano-Bonilla & Matthew R. Thomas, 2020[7]
Loricaria holmbergi M. S. Rodriguez & Miquelarena, 2005
Loricaria lata C. H. Eigenmann & R. S. Eigenmann, 1889
Loricaria lentiginosa Isbrücker, 1979
Loricaria luciae M. R. Thomas, M. S. Rodriguez, Cavallaro, Froehlich & R. M. C. Castro, 2013 [4]
Loricaria lundbergi M. R. Thomas & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2008[1]
Loricaria nickeriensis Isbrücker, 1979
Loricaria parnahybae Steindachner, 1907
Loricaria piracicabae R. Ihering (pt), 1907
Loricaria pumila M. R. Thomas & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2008[1]
Loricaria simillima Regan, 1904
Loricaria spinulifera M. R. Thomas & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2008[1]
Loricaria tucumanensis Isbrücker, 1979
Distribution and habitat
This genus is distributed east of the Andes in nearly the entire tropical and subtropical parts of South America. Species occur in a variety of habitats from the main flow of rivers on sandy and rocky bottoms to flooded areas and lakes over muddy and sandy bottoms.[2]
Description
Loricaria species are recognized by the presence of elongate, slender filaments on the lips and a low number of bicuspid premaxillary teeth (usually three to four per side) that are about twice the length of the dentary teeth.[1]
Sexual dimorphism includes hypertrophied development of the pectoral fin spines, blunt odontodes on the pelvic and anal fin spines, and tooth crowns becoming shortened and rounded in mature males.[2]
For the four species characterized, karyotypic diversity ranges from 2n = 62 to 2n = 68.[2]
Ecology
The site of egg deposition varies between different members of the genus. In some species, eggs are carried on the enlarged lower lip of the male. L. piracicabae has its egg adherent to its ventral surface.[8] Males are abdomino-lip brooders.[2]
References
Thomas, Matthew R.; Py-Daniel, Lúcia H. Rapp (2008). "Three new species of the armored catfish genus Loricaria (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from river channels of the Amazon basin". Neotropical Ichthyology. 6 (3): 379–394. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252008000300011.
Covain, Raphael; Fisch-Muller, Sonia (2007). "The genera of the Neotropical armored catfish subfamily Loricariinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae): a practical key and synopsis" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1462: 1–40.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2011). Species of Loricaria in FishBase. December 2011 version.
Thomas, M.R., Rodriguez, M.S., Cavallaro, M.R., Froehlich, O. & Corrêa E Castro, R.M. (2013): Loricaria luciae, a new species of whiptail catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Paraguay and lower Paraná River basins of southeastern South America. Zootaxa, 3745 (3): 365–378.
Thomas, Matthew R.; Sabaj Pérez, Mark H. (2010). "A New Species of Whiptail Catfish, Genus Loricaria (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), from the Rio Curuá (Xingu Basin), Brazil". Copeia. 2010 (2): 274–283. doi:10.1643/CI-09-097.
Rodriguez, M.S., Cavallaro, M.R. & Thomas, M.R. (2012): A New Diminutive Species of Loricaria (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Rio Paraguay System, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Copeia 2012, (1): 49–56.
Londoño‐Burbano, A., Urbano‐Bonilla, A., & Thomas, M. R. (2020). Loricaria cuffyi (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), a new species of loricariin catfish from the Guiana Shield. Journal of Fish Biology. doi:10.1111/jfb.14566
Eric, G.; Moodie, E.; Power, Mary (1982). "The reproductive biology of an armoured catfish, Loricaria uracantha, from Central America". Env. Biol. Fish. 7 (2): 143–148. doi:10.1007/BF00001784.
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