Pinguipes brasilianus

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Eupercaria
Ordo: Perciformes
Subordo: Trachinoidei

Familia: Pinguipedidae
Genus: Pinguipes
Species: Pinguipes brasilianus
Name

Pinguipes brasilianus Cuvier, 1829

Lectotype: MNHN 0000-1715.
Lectotype designated by Rosa & Rosa, 1997

Type locality: Brazil.
Synonyms

Pinguipes fasciatus Jenyns, 1840
Neopercis atlanticus meridionalis Carvalho, 1956

Vernacular names
English: Brazilian Sandperch
References

Cuvier, G. & Valenciennes, A. 1829. Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome quatrième. Livre quatrième. Des acanthoptérygiens à joue cuirassée. 4: i-xxvi + 2 pp. + 1-518, Pls. 72-99, 97 bis.

Rosa, I.L. & Rosa, R.S. 1998. Systematic revision of the South American species of Pinguipedidae (Teleostei, Trachinoidei). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 14(4) [1997]: 845-865.Reference page.
Villanueva-Gomila, G.L., Macchi, G.J., Ehrlich, M.D., Irigoyen, A.J. & Venerus, L.A. 2015. The reproductive biology of Pinguipes brasilianus Cuvier, 1829 (Osteichthyes: Pinguipedidae) in temperate rocky reefs of Argentina. Neotropical Ichthyology 13(4): 733-744.DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20150053Reference page.

Links

Pinguipes brasilianus in Catalog of Fishes, Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.) 2022. Catalog of Fishes electronic version.
Pinguipes brasilianus in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2022. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 08/2021.

Pinguipes brasilianus, commonly known as the Brazilian sandperch,[2] is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Pinguipedidae.[1] It is found in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean off the coasts of Brazil and Argentina.[2] It was first described in 1829 by the French naturalist Georges Cuvier.[1]

Description

Charles Darwin records the crew catching this fish with hook and line off the coast of northern Patagonia, at a time when the Beagle was anchored during bad weather.[3][4] He described it as being chestnut brown above, banded transversely with black on the head, flanks and fins. The lower lip was pink and the underside of the fish was white. The eyes had yellow irises and black pupils.[3][4]
Distribution and habitat

Pinguipes brasilianus occurs in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Its range extends from Rio de Janeiro in Brazil southwards to Golfo Nuevo in Argentina. It has also been reported from the Mediterranean Sea, but its presence there is thought to have been as a result of an accidental introduction in ballast water. It is a demersal fish and its depth range is between 10 and 135 m (30 and 440 ft).[5]
Reproduction

Breeding takes place over an extended period of spring and summer, peaking between October and February. Females reach 50% maturity at an average total length of about 15 cm (6 in) and have a fecundity ranging from 2 to 44 oocytes per gram for medium size fish. The gonadosomatic index for males ranges between 0.11% and 0.75%. Both these figures are low and necessitates the pair being in close proximity when spawning takes place. The female releases several batches of eggs during the breeding season in a cycle involving courtship and pair bonding, the egg release sometimes taking place in a crevice in the reef.[6]
References

Bailley, Nicolas (2015). "Pinguipes brasilianus Cuvier, 1829". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
"Pinguipes brasilianus Cuvier, 1829". FishBase. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
Pauly, Daniel (2007). Darwin's Fishes: An Encyclopedia of Ichthyology, Ecology, and Evolution. Cambridge University Press. p. 179. ISBN 978-1-139-45181-9.
Viens, Rob (26 August 2012). "When Cooked was Good Eating". The Beagle Project. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
"Pinguipes brasilianus Cuvier, 1829". EoL. Retrieved 8 July 2018.
Villanueva-Gomila, Gabriela L.; Macchi, Gustavo J.; Ehrlich, Martín D.; Irigoyen, Alejo J. & Venerus, Leonardo A. (December 2015). "The reproductive biology of Pinguipes brasilianus Cuvier, 1829 (Osteichthyes: Pinguipedidae) in temperate rocky reefs of Argentina". Neotropical Ichthyology. 13 (4): 733–744. doi:10.1590/1982-0224-20150053.