Espeletia grandiflora

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Campanulids
Ordo: Asterales

Familia: Asteraceae
Subfamilia: Asteroideae
Tribus: Millerieae
Subtribus: Espeletiinae
Genus: Espeletia
Species: Espeletia grandiflora
Subspecies: E. g. subsp. boyacana – E. g. subsp. grandiflora – E. g. subsp. subnivalis
Name

Espeletia grandiflora Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl., Pl. Aequinoct. 2(9): 11(–13), t. 70. 1813 [1808].[Note 1]

Typus: Colombia, Cundinamarca: "juxta urbem Santa-Fe de Bogota" [Bogotá], alt. 1347 hex. [2608 m]; Sep 1801; Bonpland & Humboldt s.n. (original material: B † [negative 15154 in F], P-00307378, P-00320272, P-00320273, P-00680447).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Southern America
Western South America
Colombia.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Humboldt, A. & Bonpland, A. 1808–1817 ["1813"]. Plantae Aequinoctiales, per regnum Mexici, in provinciis Caracarum et Novae Andalusiae, in Peruvianorum, Quitensium, Novae Granatae Andibus, ad Orenoci, Fluvii Nigri, Fluminis Amazonum ripas nascentes. Tomus 2. 191 pp., tt. 66–140. F. Schoell, Paris. Biblioteca Digital Reference page.

Additional references

Cuatrecasas, J. (†) 2013. A systematic study of the subtribe Espeletiinae (Heliantheae, Asteraceae). Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 107: I–XII, 1–689. ISBN 978-0-89327-514-3 Reference page.
Díaz-Piedrahita, S. & Garzía Yanes, F. 2009. Flora de la Real Expedición Botánica del Nuevo Reyno de Granada (1783–1816) promovida y dirigida por José Celestino Mutis. Tomo XLVIII: Asteráceas, tribu Heliantheae. XI+120 pp., 81 tt. Ediciones Cultura Hispánica, Madrid. ISBN 978-84-8347-101-2. Biblioteca Digital Reference page.
Diazgranados, M. 2012. A nomenclator for the frailejones (Espeletiinae Cuatrec., Asteraceae). PhytoKeys 16: 1–52. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.16.3186 Reference page.
Kunth, C.S. 1818 ["1820"]. Sectio V. Heliantheae. Pp. 156–235, tt. 370–411 in Humboldt, A., Bonpland, A. & Kunth, C.S., Nova genera et species plantarum, quas in peregrinatione orbis novi collegerunt, descripserunt, partim adumbraverunt Amat. Bonpland et Alex. de Humboldt, Tomus 4 (folio ed.). N. Maze, Lutetiae Parisiorum [Paris]. e-rara.ch Reference page.

Links

International Plant Names Index. 2019. Espeletia grandiflora. Published online. Accessed: 03 February 2019.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Espeletia grandiflora.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Espeletia grandiflora in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 2019-02-03.
Hassler, M. 2019. Espeletia grandiflora. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2019. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2019 February 03. Reference page.

Tropicos.org 2019. Espeletia grandiflora. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 03 February 2019.
Espeletia grandiflora in Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. Accessed: 03 February 2019.
Tropicos.org: Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of the Department of Antioquia (Colombia): Espeletia grandiflora. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 03 February 2019.

Note:
The protologue of Espeletia grandiflora also included plants belonging to Espeletia hartwegiana. Many later authors followed this concept.