Sauromatum venosum

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Alismatales

Familia: Araceae
Subfamilia: Aroideae
Tribus: Areae
Genus: Sauromatum
Species: Sauromatum venosum
Name

Sauromatum venosum (Dryand. ex Aiton) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 3: 28. 1841.
Synonyms

Basionym
Arum venosum Dryand. ex Aiton, Hort. Kew. 3: 315. 1789.
Homotypic
Arisaema venosum (Dryand. ex Aiton) Blume, Rumphia 1: 109. 1836.
Desmesia venosum (Dryand. ex Aiton) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 63. 1837.
Sauromatum guttatum var. venosum (Dryand. ex Aiton) Engl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 23F: 125. 1920.
Typhonium venosum (Dryand. ex Aiton) Hett. & P.C.Boyce, Aroideana 23: 51. 2000.
Heterotypic
Arum fugax Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 260. 1796.
Arum pedatum Link & Otto, Icon. Pl. Select.: 19. 1821.
Arum pedatum Fisch. ex Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 769. 1826, nom. illeg.
Arum clavatum Desf., Tabl. École Bot., ed. 3: 385. 1829.
Arum guttatum Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 2: 10. 1830, nom. illeg.
Arum sessiliflorum Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3: 507. 1832.
Sauromatum guttatum Schott in H.W.Schott & S.L.Endlicher, Melet. Bot.: 17. 1832.
Sauromatum pedatum (Link & Otto) Schott in H.W.Schott & S.L.Endlicher, Melet. Bot.: 17. 1832.
Alocasia pedata (Link & Otto) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 64. 1837.
Sauromatum sessiliflorum (Roxb.) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 3: 28. 1841.
Sauromatum abyssinicum Schott, Syn. Aroid.: 25. 1856.
Sauromatum nubicum Schott, Syn. Aroid.: 25. 1856.
Sauromatum punctatum K.Koch, Wochenschr. Gärtnerei Pflanzenk. 1: 263. 1858.
Sauromatum simlense Schott, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 8: 349. 1858.
Sauromatum pulchrum Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 221. 1864.
Arum simlense Engl. in A.L.P.de Candolle & A.C.P.de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 2: 571. 1879, nom. inval.
Sauromatum angolense N.E.Br. in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 8: 142. 1901.
Sauromatum guttatum var. pedatum (Link & Otto) Engl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 23F: 125. 1920.
Sauromatum guttatum var. pulchrum (Miq.) Engl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 23F: 125. 1920.
Sauromatum guttatum var. punctatum (K.Koch) Engl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 23F: 125. 1920.
Sauromatum guttatum var. sessiliflorum (Roxb.) Engl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 23F: 125. 1920.
Sauromatum guttatum var. simlense (Schott) Engl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 23F: 125. 1920.
Jaimenostia fernandopoana Guinea & Gómez Mor. in E.Guinea, Ensayo Geobot. Guin. Continent. Espan.: 248. 1946.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Africa
Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa
Central African Republic, Cameroon, Gabon, Gulf of Guinea Islands, Zaïre
Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
Ethiopia, Sudan.
Regional: East Tropical Africa
Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda.
Regional: South Tropical Africa
Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia.
Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Arabian Peninsula
Saudi Arabia.
Regional: China
China South-Central, Tibet.
Continental: Asia-Tropical
Regional: Indian Subcontinent
Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, West Himalaya.
Regional: Indo-China
Myanmar.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References

Kunth, C.S. 1841. Enumeratio plantarum omnium hucusque cognitarum, secundum familias naturales disposita, adjectis characteribus, differentiis et synonymis. Tomus Tertius. Enumeratio Xyridearum, Mayacearum, Commelynearum, Pontederiacearum, Melanthacearum, Uvulariearum, Liliacearum et Asphodelearum ... 752 pp. Sumtibus J. G. Cottae, Stutgardiae [Stuttgart] et Tubingae [Tübingen]. BHL Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Sauromatum venosum in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Oct. 30. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Sauromatum venosum. Published online. Accessed: Oct. 30 2018.
The Plant List 2013. Sauromatum venosum in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Oct. 30.
Tropicos.org 2018. Sauromatum venosum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Oct. 30.

Sauromatum venosum (syn. Typhonium venosum)[1] is a species of plant in the arum family, Araceae. It is native to Asia and Africa, where it grows in forests and riparian meadows.[1]

It is grown as an ornamental plant.[1] Its common names include voodoo lily and monarch of the East[2]

Description

This species grows from a tuber, producing an inflorescence with a yellowish spathe covered in large purple spots and a purple spadix. The green leaf appears after the inflorescence develops. It has 9 to 11 leaflets each up to 40 centimeters long borne on a tall petiole. The mature flowers emit an odor described as "putrid" and compared to rotting meat.[1] The odor is attractive to insects such as flies, which pollinate the plant.[1] Like some other aroids it is a thermogenic plant, generating its own heat.[3]
In cultivation

This is a readily cultivated plant, popular as an ornamental. The Missouri Botanical Garden suggests growing it far away from windows and walkways "where the brief but overpowering odor from the spadices will be found objectionable".[4]
Notes

Sauromatum venosum. Plants of the World Online. Kew Science.
Sauromatum venosum. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA Agricultural Research Service. 2020.
Yoon, Carol Kaesuk (1 October 1996). "Heat of Lotus Attracts Insects And Scientists" – via NYTimes.com.

Sauromatum venosum. Missouri Botanical Garden.

References
Hetterscheid, W. & P. C. Boyce. 2000. a reclassification of Sauromatum Schott and new species of Typhonium Schott (Araceae). Aroideana 23: 48–55.
Cusimano, N., M. Barrett, W. L. A. Hetterscheid, and S. S. Renner. 2010. A phylogeny of the Areae implies that Typhonium, Sauromatum, and the Australian species of Typhonium are distinct clades. Taxon 59(2): 439-447.
Pink, A. (2004). Gardening for the Million. Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.