Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Subsectio: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Infraclassis: Aves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Passerida
Superfamilia: Passeroidea
Familia: Nectariniidae
Genus: Cyanomitra
Species: C. alinae - C. bannermani - C. cyanolaema - C. obscura - C. olivacea - C. oritis - C. veroxii - C. verticalis
Name
Cyanomitra Reichenbach, 1853
Cyanomitra is a genus of African sunbirds. Its members are sometimes included in Nectarinia.
The sunbirds are a group of very small Old World passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed most of the time.
Taxonomy
The genus Cyanomitra was introduced in 1853 by the German naturalist Ludwig Reichenbach.[1] The name combines the Ancient Greek kuanos meaning "dark-blue" with mitra meaning "head-band".[2] The type species was designated by George Robert Gray in 1855 as Certhia cyanocephala Shaw.[3][4] This taxon is now considered to be a subspecies of the green-headed sunbird (Cyanomitra verticalis cyanocephala'').[5]
Species
The genus contains 7 species:[5]
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Green-headed sunbird | Cyanomitra verticalis | Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, and Zambia. |
| Bannerman's sunbird | Cyanomitra bannermani | Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Zambia. | |
 |
Blue-throated brown sunbird | Cyanomitra cyanolaema | Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, and Uganda. |
 |
Cameroon sunbird | Cyanomitra oritis | Cameroon, Bioko and eastern Nigeria. |
 |
Blue-headed sunbird | Cyanomitra alinae | Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Uganda. |
 |
Olive sunbird | Cyanomitra olivacea | Africa south of the Sahel. |
 |
Grey sunbird | Cyanomitra veroxii | Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Somalia, South Africa, Swaziland, and Tanzania. |
References
Reichenbach, Ludwig (1853). "Icones ad synopsin avium No. 11. Scansoriae B". Handbuch der speciellen Ornithologie (in German). Dresden und Leipzig: Expedition Vollständigsten Naturgeschichte. pp. 219–316 [221, 291].
Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 127. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
Gray, George Robert (1855). Catalogue of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds Contained in the British Museum. London: British Museum. p. 137.
Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1986). Check-List of Birds of the World. Volume 12. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 223.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Dippers, leafbirds, flowerpeckers, sunbirds". World Bird List Version 9.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
Barlow, Wacher and Disley, Birds of The Gambia ISBN 1-873403-32-1
Sinclair, Ian; Hockey, Phil; Tarboton, Warwick (2002). SASOL Birds of Southern Africa. Struik. ISBN 1-86872-721-1.
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