Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: ParaHoxozoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Olfactores
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Sauropsida
Cladus: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Neodiapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Cladus: Archelosauria
Cladus: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crocopoda
Cladus: Archosauriformes
Cladus: Eucrocopoda
Cladus: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Cladus: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Cladus: Saurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Subclassis: Aves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Passerida
Superfamilia: Passeroidea
Familia: Cardinalidae
Genus: Piranga
Species: P. bidentata - P. erythrocephala - P. flava – P. hepatica – P. leucoptera - P. ludoviciana – P. lutea – P. olivacea - P. roseogularis - P. rubra - P. rubriceps
Name
Piranga Vieillot, 1808
Typus: Fringilla rubra Linnaeus, 1758, = Piranga rubra
References
Vieillot, L.J.P. 1807. Histoire naturelle des oiseaux de l'Amérique Septentrionale: contenant un grand nombre d'espèces décrites ou figurées pour la première fois Tome 1 Part 1. 90 pp. + 60 tt. Desray, Paris: p.iv BHL Reference page.
Vernacular names
suomi: Tulitangarat
русский: Пиранга
Piranga is a genus of birds long placed in the tanager family, but now considered members of the cardinal family, Cardinalidae. The genus name Piranga is from Tupi word tijepiranga, the name for an unknown small bird.
Similar in shape and habits to the true tanagers, their coloration betrays their actual relationships. They are essentially red, orange, or yellow all over, except the tail and wings, and in some species also the back. Such extensive lipochrome coloration (except on the belly) is very rare in true tanagers, but is widespread among the Cardinalidae.
These songbirds are found high in tree canopies, and are not very gregarious in their breeding areas. Piranga species pick insects from leaves, or sometimes in flight. They also take some fruit. Several species are migratory, breeding in North America and wintering in the tropics.
Taxonomy and species list
The genus Piranga was introduced by the French ornithologist Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot in 1808 with the summer tanager (Piranga rubra) as the type species.[1][2] The genus name Piranga is from the Tupi Tijepiranga, the name for an unknown small bird.[3]
| Image | Scientific name | Common name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
P. bidentata | Flame-colored tanager | Mexico, and throughout Central America to northern Panama |
 |
P. erythrocephala | Red-headed tanager | Mexico |
 |
P. flava | Hepatic tanager | Southwestern United States (Arizona, New Mexico, and locally in southern California and Colorado) to northern Argentina |
 Venezuela -male-8 (cropped).jpg" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Piranga_leucoptera_-_Waraira_Repano_National_Park%2C_Venezuela_-male-8_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Piranga_leucoptera_-_Waraira_Repano_National_Park%2C_Venezuela_-male-8_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Piranga_leucoptera_-_Waraira_Repano_National_Park%2C_Venezuela_-male-8_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Piranga_leucoptera_-_Waraira_Repano_National_Park%2C_Venezuela_-male-8_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1796" data-file-height="1381" height="92" width="120" /> |
P. leucoptera | White-winged tanager | Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela |
 |
P. ludoviciana | Western tanager | Southeastern Alaska south to northern Baja California, Mexico. Western tanagers extend east to western Texas and north through central New Mexico, central Colorado, extreme northwest Nebraska, and areas of western South Dakota to southern Northwest Territories, Canada |
 |
P. olivacea | Scarlet tanager | Eastern United States. Migrate to Central and northern South America |
 |
P. roseogularis | Rose-throated tanager | Belize, Guatemala, and Mexico |
 |
P. rubra | Summer tanager | Southern United States, extending as far north as Iowa. These birds migrate to Mexico, Central America and northern South America |
 |
P. rubriceps | Red-hooded tanager | Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru |
References
Vieillot, Louis Jean Pierre (1807). Histoire naturelle des oiseaux de l'Amérique Septentrionale : contenant un grand nombre d'espèces décrites ou figurées pour la première fois (in French). Volume 1. Paris: Chez Desray. p. iv. For a discussion of the publication date see: Dickinson, E.C.; Overstreet, L.K.; Dowsett, R.J.; Bruce, M.D. (2011). Priority! The Dating of Scientific Names in Ornithology: a Directory to the literature and its reviewers. Northampton, UK: Aves Press. p. 157. ISBN 978-0-9568611-1-5.
Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1970). Check-List of Birds of the World. Volume 13. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 301.
Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 308. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
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