Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: ParaHoxozoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Olfactores
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Sauropsida
Cladus: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Neodiapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Cladus: Archelosauria
Cladus: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crocopoda
Cladus: Archosauriformes
Cladus: Eucrocopoda
Cladus: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Cladus: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Cladus: Saurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Subclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Euornithes
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Ornithurae
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Ordo: Psittaciformes
Familia: Psittacidae
Subfamilia: Psittacinae
Tribus: Arini
Genus: Primolius
Species: Primolius couloni - Primolius maracana - Primolius auricollis
Name
Primolius
Vernacular names
suomi: Brasilianarat
Primolius is a genus of macaws comprising three species,[4] which are native to South America. They are mainly green parrots with complex colouring including blues, reds and yellows. They have long tails, a large curved beak, and bare facial skin typical of macaws in general. They are less than 50 cm long, much smaller than the macaws of the Ara genus. Macaws less than about 50 cm long, including the genus Primolius, are sometimes called "mini-macaws".
Taxonomy
The genus has three monotypic species:[4]
Genus Primolius, Bonaparte 1857:
Blue-headed macaw, Primolius couloni (Sclater PL, 1876)
Blue-winged macaw or Illiger's macaw, Primolius maracana (Vieillot, 1816)
Golden-collared macaw, Primolius auricollis (Cassin, 1853)
Species
| Primolius | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Common and binomial names[4] | Image | Description | Range |
| Blue-headed macaw or Coulon's macaw (Primolius couloni) |
 |
41 cm (16 in) long, mostly green with head, flight feathers and primary coverts blue. The uppertail has a maroon base, a narrow green center and a blue tip. The undertail and underwing are greenish-yellow/ The bill is pale greyish-horn with a black base. Unlike most other macaws, the facial skin and lores are dark greyish.[5] | South America |
| Blue-winged macaw or Illiger's macaw (Primolius maracana) |
 |
40 cm (16 in) long, mostly green, the upperside of some of the wing feathers are blue, and the underside of the wings are yellowish, the tail-tip, crown and cheeks are bluish, and the tail-base and a belly-patch are red. The iris is amber. The bare facial-skin is yellowish, which may be white in captivity, the beak is all black[6] | South America |
| Golden-collared macaw or yellow-collared macaw (Primolius auricollis) |
 |
38 cm (15 in) long, mostly green, yellow band on the back of the neck, tail feathers have are red at the base fading to greens and blues, dark brown or black forehead, pink legs, the beak is dark grey with a paler grey tip | South America |
See also
List of macaws
References
Salvadori, T. (1891). Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots, in the Collection of the British Museum. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. 20. London: Taylor and Francis. p. 151.
Penhallurick, John (2001). "Primolius Bonaparte, 1857 has priority over Propyrrhura Ribeiro, 1920". Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 121 (1): 38–39.
Ribeiro, Alipio de Miranda (1920). "Revisão dos Psittacideos brasileiros". Revista do Museu Paulista. 12 (2): 18–19.
"Zoological Nomenclature Resource: Psittaciformes (Version 9.004)". www.zoonomen.net. 2008-07-05.
"Species factsheet: Primolius couloni". BirdLife International (2008). Retrieved 24 July 2008.
"Species factsheet: Primolius maracana". BirdLife International (2008). Retrieved 24 July 2008.
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