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Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
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Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Olfactores
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
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Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
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Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Sauropsida
Cladus: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
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Cladus: Avetheropoda
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Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Subclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Euornithes
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Ornithurae
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Ordo: Piciformes

Familia: Megalaimidae
Genus: Psilopogon
Species: P. annamensis – P. armillaris – P. asiaticus – P. australis – P. chrysopogon – P. corvinus – P. duvaucelii – P. eximius – P. faber – P. faiostrictus – P. flavifrons – P. franklinii – P. haemacephalus – P. henricii – P. incognitus – P. javensis – P. lagrandieri – P. lineatus – P. malabaricus – P. monticola – P. mystacophanos – P. nuchalis – P. oorti – P. pulcherrimus – P. pyrolophus – P. rafflesii – P. rubricapillus – P. virens – P. viridis – P. zeylanicus
Name

Psilopogon S. Müller, 1836
Typus

Psilopogon pyrolophus S. Müller, 1836

Synonyms

Megalaima Gray, 1841
Typus: Bucco virens Boddaert, 1783, = Megalaima virens, = Psilopogon virens

Note:

Following Moyle 2004, Den Tex and Leonard 2013, the genus Megalaima is embedded within the genus Psilopogon.

References

Tijdschrift Voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie 2: 339.
Den Tex R., & Leonard J. A. 2013. A molecular phylogeny of Asian barbets: Speciation and extinction in the tropics. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 68: 1–13. PDF
Moyle, R. G. 2004. Phylogenetics of barbets (Aves: Piciformes) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 187–200.

Vernacular names
English: Asian barbets

Psilopogon is a genus of Old World barbets that used to include only a single species, the fire-tufted barbet (P. pyrolophus). Results of molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that the genus is nested within an evolutionary branch consisting of Asian barbets that were formerly placed in the genus Megalaima proposed by George Robert Gray in 1841. Since Psilopogon was proposed by Salomon Müller already in 1835, this name takes priority.[1][2]

The name Psilopogon combines the Ancient Greek psilos meaning "bare" and pōgōn meaning "beard".[3]
Taxonomy

The genus Psilopogon was introduced in 1836 by the German naturalist Salomon Müller to accommodate a single species, the fire-tufted barbet (Psilopogon pyrolophus), which is therefore the type species.[4][5]

In the 19th and 20th centuries, about 19 generic names were proposed for Asian barbet species in collections of natural history museums, including Megalaima by George Robert Gray in 1849 and Mezobucco by George Ernest Shelley in 1889.[6] Molecular phylogenetic research of Asian barbets revealed that the Megalaima species form a clade, which also includes the fire-tufted barbet. Barbets formerly placed in Megalaima were therefore reclassified under the genus Psilopogon, which now contains the following 33 species:[7]

As of February 2023, the list of birds maintained by Frank Gill, Pamela Rasmussen and David Donsker on behalf of the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) as well as the Clements Checklist of Birds of the World maintained by members of Cornell University both treat Psilopogon cyanotis as a subspecies of Psilopogon duvaucellii.[8][9] The taxon Psilopogon cyanotis was not included in the 2013 molecular phylogenetic study by Robert Jan den Tex and Jennifer Leonard.[1]

Genus Psilopogon – Müller, S., 1836 – thirty three species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Fire-tufted barbet

Psilopogon pyrolophus
S. Müller, 1836		 Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Coppersmith barbet

Psilopogon haemacephalus
(Statius Müller, 1776[10])

Nine subspecies
  • P. h. haemacephalus
  • P. h. indicus
  • P. h. roseus
  • P. h. intermedia
  • P. h. delicus
  • P. h. mindanensis
  • P. h. celestinoi
  • P. h. cebuensis
  • P. h. homochroa
 Pakistan to the Philippines and Indonesia Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 
White-cheeked barbet

Psilopogon viridis
(Boddaert, 1783[11])		 Western Ghats and adjoining hills
Map of range		 Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Great barbet

Psilopogon virens
(Boddaert, 1783[12])

Four subspecies
  • P. v. virens
  • P. v. marshallorum
  • P. v. magnificus
  • P. v. clamator
 northern India, Nepal and Bhutan, Bangladesh and some parts of Southeast Asia, as far east as Laos Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		 LC
Brown-headed barbet

Psilopogon zeylanicus
(Gmelin, 1788)

Three subspecies
  • P. z. inornatus (Walden, 1870)
  • P. z. caniceps (Franklin, 1831)
  • P. z. zeylanicus (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
 Western Ghats and hilly parts of southern peninsular India Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		 LC
Crimson-fronted barbet

Psilopogon rubricapillus
Gmelin, 1788		 Sri Lanka Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Blue-throated barbet

Psilopogon asiaticus
(Latham, 1790)		 Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Lineated barbet

Psilopogon lineatus
(Vieillot, 1816)		 West Bengal and Bangladesh Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Yellow-fronted barbet

Psilopogon flavifrons
(Cuvier, 1816)		 Sri Lanka Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Black-banded barbet

Psilopogon javensis
(Horsfield, 1821)		 Java and Bali Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Yellow-eared barbet

Psilopogon australis
(Horsfield, 1821)		 Java and Bali Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Flame-fronted barbet

Psilopogon armillaris
(Temminck, 1821)		 Java and Bali Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Golden-whiskered barbet

Psilopogon chrysopogon
(Temminck, 1824)

Three subspecies
  • P. c. chrysopogon
  • P. c. chrysopsis
  • P. c. laetus
 Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Borneo and Sumatra Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		 LC
Red-throated barbet

Psilopogon mystacophanos
(Temminck, 1824)		 Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  NT 


Black-eared barbet

Psilopogon duvaucelii
(Lesson, 1830)

Three subspecies
  • P. d. duvaucelii
  • P. d. gigantorhinus
  • P. d. tanamassae
 Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		 LC
Green-eared barbet

Psilopogon faiostrictus
(Temminck, 1831)		 southern China, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Brown-throated barbet

Psilopogon corvinus
(Temminck, 1831)		 western Java Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Yellow-crowned barbet

Psilopogon henricii
(Temminck, 1831)		 Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  NT 


Black-browed barbet

Psilopogon oorti
(Müller, 1836)		 Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Red-crowned barbet

Psilopogon rafflesii
(Lesson, 1839)		 Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, and Thailand Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  NT 


Golden-throated barbet

Psilopogon franklinii
(Edward Blyth, 1842[13])

Two subspecies
  • P. f. franklinii
  • P. f. ramsayi
 Nepal, India, Bhutan, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Laos, Vietnam and mainland China Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		 LC
Blue-eared barbet

Psilopogon cyanotis
(Blyth, 1847)

Three subspecies
  • P. c. cyanotis
  • P. c. orientalis
  • P. c. stuarti (Robinson & Kloss, 1919)
 northeast India ‍and Bangladesh to peninsular Thailand Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		 LC
Malabar barbet

Psilopogon malabaricus
(Blyth, 1847)		 Western Ghats from around Goa south to southern Kerala
Map of range		 Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Taiwan barbet

Psilopogon nuchalis
(Gould, 1863)		 Taiwan Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Red-vented barbet

Psilopogon lagrandieri
(Verreaux, 1868)		 Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Chinese barbet

Psilopogon faber
(R. Swinhoe, 1870)		 southern China Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Moustached barbet

Psilopogon incognitus
(Hume, 1874)		 Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Golden-naped barbet

Psilopogon pulcherrimus
(Sharpe, 1888)		 Indonesia and Malaysia Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Mountain barbet


Psilopogon monticola
(Sharpe, 1889)		 Borneo Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Bornean barbet

Psilopogon eximius
(Sharpe, 1892)		 Indonesia and Malaysia, Borneo Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Necklaced barbet

Psilopogon auricularis
(Robinson & Kloss, 1919)		 southern Laos and Vietnam Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Indochinese barbet

Psilopogon annamensis
(Robinson & Kloss, 1919)		 Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 


Turquoise-throated barbet

Psilopogon chersonesus
(Chasen & Kloss, 1927)		 Thailand Size:

Habitat:

Diet:		  LC 



Phylogeny



Coppersmith barbet

Crimson-fronted barbet

Malabar barbet

Yellow-eared barbet

Black-eared barbet

Bornean barbet

Great barbet

Red-vented barbet

Fire-tufted barbet

Red-throated barbet

Black-banded barbet

Red-crowned barbet

Flame-fronted barbet

Yellow-crowned barbet

Golden-naped barbet

Green-eared barbet

Lineated barbet

Brown-headed barbet

White-cheeked barbet

Yellow-fronted barbet

Golden-throated barbet

Necklaced barbet

Brown-throated barbet

Golden-whiskered barbet

Golden-whiskered barbet

Mountain barbet

Taiwan barbet

Chinese barbet

Moustached barbet

Blue-throated barbet

Indochinese barbet

Turquoise-throated barbet

Black-browed barbet

Relationship within the genus[1]
References

Den Tex, R.-J.; Leonard, J. A. (2013). "A molecular phylogeny of Asian barbets: Speciation and extinction in the tropics". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 68 (1): 1–13. Bibcode:2013MolPE..68....1D. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.004. PMID 23511217.
Ericson, P. G. P. (2012). "Evolution of terrestrial birds in three continents: biogeography and parallel radiations". Journal of Biogeography. 39 (5): 813–824. Bibcode:2012JBiog..39..813E. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02650.x. S2CID 85599747.
Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 321. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
Müller, Salomon (1835). "Aanteekeningen over de natuurlijke gesteldheid van een gedeelte der westkust en binnenlanden van Sumatra, met bijvoeging van eenige waarnemingen en beschrijvingen van verscheid dieren". Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie (in Dutch). 2: 315–355 [339]. The title page is dated 1835 but the article was not published until 1836.
Peters, James Lee, ed. (1948). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 6. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 30.
Ripley, S. D. (1945). "The barbets" (PDF). The Auk. 62 (4): 542–563. doi:10.2307/4079804. JSTOR 4079804.
Moyle, R. G. (2004). "Phylogenetics of barbets (Aves: Piciformes) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 30 (1): 187–200. Bibcode:2004MolPE..30..187M. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00179-9. PMID 15022769.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Jacamars, puffbirds, toucans, barbets, honeyguides". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
Clements, J.F.; Schulenberg, T.S.; Iliff, M.J.; Fredericks, T.A.; Gerbracht, J.A.; Lepage, D.; Billerman, S.M.; Sullivan, B.L.; Wood, C.L. (2022). "The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2022". Retrieved 10 December 2022.
Statius Müller, P. L. (1776). "Der Blutskopf. Bucco haemacephalus". Des Ritters Carl von Linné Königlich Schwedischen Leibarztes &c. &c. vollständigen Natursystems. Supplements- und Register-Band über alle sechs Theile oder Classen des Thierreichs. Nürnberg: Gabriel Nicolaus Raspe. p. 88.
Boddaert, P. (1783). "870. Barbu verd, Buff. XIII". Table des Planches Enluminées d'histoire naturelle de M. D'Aubenton : avec les denominations de M.M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnaeus et Latham, precedé d'une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques enluminés. Utrecht. p. 53.
Boddaert, P. (1783). "871. Le grand Barbu, Buff. XIII". Table des Planches Enluminées d'histoire naturelle de M. D'Aubenton : avec les denominations de M.M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnaeus et Latham, precedé d'une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques enluminés. Utrecht. p. 53.
Blyth, E. (1842). "Notes on various Indian and Malayan birds". The Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 11 (1): 160–195.

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