Hydrophis

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Lepidosauromorpha
Superordo: Lepidosauria
Ordo: Squamata
Subordo: Serpentes
Infraordo: Caenophidia
Superfamilia: Elapoidea

Familia: Elapidae
Subfamilia: Hydrophiinae
Genus: Hydrophis
Species (49): H. annandalei – H. anomalus – H. atriceps – H. belcheri – H. bituberculatus – H. brookii – H. caerulescens – H. cantoris – H. coggeri – H. curtus – H. cyanocinctus – H. czeblukovi – H. donaldi – H. elegans – H. fasciatus – H. gracilis – H. hardwickii – H. hendersoni – H. inornatus – H. jerdonii – H. kingii – H. klossi – H. laboutei – H. lamberti – H. lapemoides – H. macdowelli – H. major – H. mamillaris – H. melanocephalus – H. melanosoma – H. nigrocinctus – H. obscurus – H. ocellatus – H. ornatus – H. pachycercos – H. pacificus – H. parviceps – H. peronii – H. platurus – H. schistosus – H. semperi – H. sibauensis – H. spiralis – H. stokesii – H. stricticollis – H. torquatus – H. viperinus – H. vorisi – H. zweifeli
Name

Hydrophis Latreille, 1801

Type species: Hydrus fasciatus Schneider, 1799.

Synonyms

Disteira Lacépède, 1804: 199
Type species: Disteira doliata Lacépède, 1804, by monotypy.
Leioselasma Lacépède, 1804: 198
Type species: Leioselasma striata Lacépède, 1804, by monotypy.

References
Primary references

Lacépède, B.G. 1804. Mémoire sur plusieurs animaux de la Nouvelle-Hollande dont la description n’a pas encore été publiée. Annales du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle 4: 184–211. BHL Reference page.

Links

Uetz, P. & Hallermann, J. 2021. Hydrophis . The Reptile Database. Accessed on 1 June 2021.

Vernacular names
English: Sea Snakes
日本語: ウミヘビ属

Hydrophis is a genus of sea snakes. They are typically found in Indo-Australian and Southeast Asian waters. Currently, around 36 species are recognized.[1]

Systematics and classification

There are more than 30 recognized species in the genus.[1]

Species	Authority	Subsp.*	Common name	Geographic range
H. annandalei	(Laidlaw, 1901)	0	bighead sea snake, Annandale's sea snake	Indian Ocean
H. anomalus	Schmidt, 1852	0	anomalous sea snake	South Chinese Sea, Indian Ocean
H. atriceps	Günther, 1864	0	black-headed sea snake
H. belcheri	(Gray, 1849)	0	Belcher's sea snake	Queensland and New Territories, Australia
H. bituberculatus	W. Peters, 1873	0	Peters' Sea Snake	Indian Ocean (Sri Lanka, Thailand)
H. brookii	Günther, 1872	0	Brooke's sea snake
H. caerulescens	(Shaw, 1802)	2	dwarf sea snake	Queensland, Australia
H. cantoris	Günther, 1864	0	Cantor's narrow-headed sea snake, Cantor's small-headed sea snake
H. coggeri	(Kharin, 1984)	0	slender-necked sea snake, Cogger's sea snake[2]	Western Australia
H. curtus	(Shaw, 1802)	0	Shaw's sea snake, Short sea snake, Hardwicke's sea snake, spine-bellied sea snake
H. cyanocinctus	Daudin, 1803	0	annulated sea snake, blue-banded sea snake
H. czeblukovi	(Kharin, 1984)	0	fine-spined sea snake
H. donaldi[3]	Ukuwela, K. Sanders & B. Fry, 2012		rough-scaled sea snake	Northern Australia
H. elegans	(Gray, 1842)	0	elegant sea snake
H. fasciatus	(Schneider, 1799)	0	striped sea snake
H. gracilis	(Shaw, 1802)	0	common small-headed sea snake, graceful small-headed sea snake, narrow-headed sea snake, slender sea snake
H. hardwickii	(Gray, 1834)	0	Hardwicke's spine-bellied sea snake
H. inornatus	(Gray, 1849)	0	plain sea snake	Western Australia
H. jerdonii	(Gray, 1849)	2	Jerdon's sea snake	Indian Ocean
H. kingii	Boulenger, 1896	0	King's sea snake
H. klossi	Boulenger, 1912	0	Kloss' sea snake
H. laboutei	A. Rasmussen & Ineich, 2000	0	Laboute's sea snake[2]	New Caledonia
H. lamberti	M.A. Smith, 1917	0	Lambert's sea snake
H. lapemoides	(Gray, 1849)	0	Persian Gulf sea snake
H. macdowelli	Kharin, 1983	0	small-headed sea snake, McDowell's sea snake	Western Australia
H. major	(Shaw, 1802)	0	greater sea snake, olive-headed sea snake
H. mamillaris	(Daudin, 1803)	0	Bombay sea snake
H. melanocephalus	Gray, 1849	0	sea snake
H. melanosoma	Günther, 1864	0	black-banded robust sea snake
H. nigrocinctus	Daudin, 1803	0	black-banded sea snake
H. obscurus	Daudin, 1803	0	estuarine sea snake, Russel's sea snake
H. ocellatus	(Gray, 1849)	0	spotted sea snake
H. ornatus	(Gray, 1842)	4	sea snake
H. pacificus	Boulenger, 1896	0	large-headed sea snake
H. parviceps	M.A. Smith, 1935	0	Smith's small-headed sea snake
H. peronii	(A.M.C. Duméril, 1853)	0	Peron's sea snake
H. platurus	Linnaeus, 1766	0	yellow-bellied sea snake
H. schistosus	Daudin, 1803	0	Beaked Sea Snake	Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf to Pacific Ocean[4][5]
H. sibauensis	A. Rasmussen, Auliya & W. Böhme, 2001	0	Kalimantan sea snake
H. spiralis	(Shaw, 1802)	0	yellow sea snake
H. stokesii	(Gray, 1846)	0	Stokes' sea snake, Stokes's sea snake
H. stricticollis	Günther, 1864	0	collared sea snake
H. torquatus	Günther, 1864	2	west coast black-headed sea snake
H. viperinus	Schmidt, 1852	0	Viperine Sea Snake	Persian Gulf and Western Indian Ocean to Western Pacific Ocean[6]
H. vorisi	Kharin, 1984	0	Estuarine sea snake	Torres Strait, Queensland
H. walli	(Kharin, 1989)	0	Wall's sea snake

[7] *) Not including the nominate subspecies (typical form).

Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Hydrophis.
See also

Sea snake
Snakebite

References

"Hydrophis". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 7 September 2007.
Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Hydrophis coggeri, p. 56; H. laboutei, p. 149).
"Spiny, Venomous New Sea Snake Discovered—"Something Special"". Retrieved March 6, 2012.
Rasmussen, A. (15 February 2009). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Hydrophis schistosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
"Hydrophis schistosus".
Rasmussen, A. (15 February 2009). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Hydrophis viperinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-06-16. Retrieved 2010-02-19. (downloaded Feb. 18,2010.)

Further reading
Zug, George R.; Vitt, Laurie J.; Caldwell, Janalee P. (May 2001). Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (Second ed.). Academic Press. p. 630. ISBN 0-12-782622-X.
Uetz, Peter. "Family Elapidae (cobras, coral snakes, and seasnakes etc.)". The Reptile Database. Archived from the original on 2008-10-11. Retrieved 2007-09-07.