Laimosemion

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Ovalentaria
Superordo: Atherinomorphae
Ordo: Cyprinodontiformes
Subordo: Aplocheiloidei

Familia: Rivulidae
Genus: Laimosemion
Species (24): L. agilae – L. altivelis – L. amanapira – L. breviceps – L. cladophorus – L. corpulentus – L. dibaphus – L. frenatus – L. geayi – L. gransabanae – L. jauaperi – L. kirovskyi – L. lyricauda – L. mabura – L. mahdiaensis – L. nicoi – L. paryagi – L. rectocaudatus – L. romeri – L. sape – L. strigatus – L. tecminae – L. torrenticola – L. uakti – L. uatuman – L. xiphidius
Name

Laimosemion Huber, 1999 (as a subgenus of Rivulus).

Type species: Rivulus geayi Vaillant, 1899
Synonyms

Owiyeye Costa, 2006

References

Costa, W. J. E. M.; 2011: Phylogenetic position and taxonomic status of Anablepsoides, Atlantirivulus, Cynodonichthys, Laimosemion and Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 22 (3): 233–249.
Huber, J. H.; 1999: Updates to the phylogeny and systematics of the neotropical cyprinodont genus Rivulus and its allied [sic] (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulinae). Cybium, 23 (1): 29–52.

Laimosemion is a genus of fish in the family Rivulidae from the Amazon basin and basins in the Guiana Shield in tropical South America. They mostly inhabit small streams, creeks, swamps and pools in lowlands, but locally occur to an altitude of 1,300 m (4,300 ft).[1]

Like their relatives, the adult Laimosemion often inhabit very small isolated waters, but they are not annual species like some other killifish. The adults can move some distance over land to find another water source. They do this by repeatedly flipping their body. They commonly complete their life cycle in the water, often laying their eggs among plant material. However, their eggs can survive several days of drought, only hatching when again covered by water.[2][3]

The largest are up to 8.5 cm (3.3 in) in total length, but most Laimosemion species only reach around half that size.[4]
Species

Until 2011, Laimosemion were included in Rivulus,[5] and some prefer to maintain them in that genus.[6]

If recognized as a valid genus, there are currently 29 species in Laimosemion:[4][7]

Laimosemion agilae (Hoedeman, 1954)
Laimosemion altivelis (Huber, 1992)
Laimosemion amanapira (W. J. E. M. Costa, 2004)
Laimosemion anitae Dalton Tavares Bressane Nielsen, Jan Willem Hoetmer and Eric Vandekerkhove, [8]
Laimosemion breviceps (C. H. Eigenmann, 1909)
Laimosemion cladophorus (Huber, 1991)
Laimosemion dibaphus (G. S. Myers, 1927)
Laimosemion frenatus (C. H. Eigenmann, 1912)
Laimosemion geayi (Vaillant, 1899)
Laimosemion gransabanae (Lasso A., Taphorn & Thomerson, 1992)
Laimosemion jauaperi W. J. E. M. Costa & Bragança, 2013[9]
Laimosemion kirovskyi (W. J. E. M. Costa, 2004)
Laimosemion leticia Valdesalici, 2016[10]
Laimosemion lyricauda (Thomerson, Berkenkamp & Taphorn, 1991)
Laimosemion mabura Valdesalici & García-Gil, 2015[11]
Laimosemion mahdiaensis (Suijker & Collier, 2006)
Laimosemion nicoi (Thomerson & Taphorn, 1992)
Laimosemion paryagi Vermeulen, Suijker & Collier, 2012 (Paryag's killifish)[1]
Laimosemion rectocaudatus (Fels & de Rham, 1981)
Laimosemion romeri (W. J. E. M. Costa, 2003)
Laimosemion sape (Lasso-Alcalá, Taphorn, Lasso A. & León-Mata, 2006)
Laimosemion staecki (I. Schindler & Valdesalici, 2011)
Laimosemion strigatus (Regan, 1912)
Laimosemion tecminae (Thomerson, Nico & Taphorn, 1992)
Laimosemion tomasi (Vermeulen, Valdesalici & Garcia-Gil, 2013)
Laimosemion torrenticola (Vermeulen & Isbrücker, 2000)
Laimosemion uakti (W. J. E. M. Costa, 2004)
Laimosemion uatuman (W. J. E. M. Costa, 2004)
Laimosemion ubim W. J. E. M. Costa & Lazzarotto, 2014[12]
Laimosemion xiphidius (Huber, 1979)

References

Vermeulen, F.B.M., Suijker, W.H. & Collier, G.E. (2012): Laimosemion paryagi (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheiloidei: Rivulidae), a new species from the upper Mazaruni river drainage of Western Guyana. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 18 (4): 181-190.
Furness, A.I.; D.N. Reznick; A. Tatarenkov; J.C. Avise (2018). "The evolution of diapause in Rivulus (Laimosemion)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 184 (3): 773–790. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zly021.
Furness, A.I. (2016). "The evolution of an annual life cycle in killifish: adaptation to ephemeral aquatic environments through embryonic diapause". Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 91 (3): 796–812. doi:10.1111/brv.12194. PMID 25969869. S2CID 33170099.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2018). Species of Laimosemion in FishBase. November 2018 version.
Costa, W.J.E.M. (2011). "Phylogenetic position and taxonomic status of Anablepsoides, Atlantirivulus, Cynodonichthys, Laimosemion and Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae)". Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters. 22 (3): 233–249.
Huber, J.H. (2012). "Reappraisal of the Phylogeny of Rivulus and its Allied focused on External Characters". Killi-Data Series. 2012: 9–25.
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Laimosemion". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
Dalton Tavares Bressane Nielsen, Jan Willem Hoetmer and Eric Vandekerkhove, 2020, Laimosemion anitae, a new species of Laimosemion genus, subgenus c (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from Rio Juruá drainage, Amazon Basin, Brazil, AQUA International Journal of Ichthyology, aqua 28 (1) pp. 37-43
Costa, W.J.E.M. & Bragança, P.H.N. (2013): A new miniature killifish of the genus Laimosemion, subgenus Owiyeye, from the Negro river drainage, Brazilian Amazon (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 24 (1): 93-96.
Valdesalici, S. (2016): Laimosemion leticia (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae), a new species from the upper Rio Amazonas, Southern Colombia. Zootaxa, 4085 (2): 279–284.
Valdesalici, S. & Gil, J.R.G. (2015): Laimosemion mabura, a new killifish from the Essequibo River drainage, Guyana (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae). aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 21 (4): 166-171.
Costa, W.J.E.M. & Lazzarotto, H. (2014): Laimosemion ubim, a new miniature killifish from the Brazilian Amazon (Teleostei: Rivulidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 24 (4): 371-389.