Conocarpus

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids II
Ordo: Myrtales

Familia: Combretaceae
Subfamilia: Combretoideae
Tribus: Combreteae
Subtribus: Terminaliinae
Genus: Conocarpus
Species: C. erectus – C. lancifolius
⧼Source(s) of checklist⧽:

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Conocarpus in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Nov 21. Reference page.

Name

Conocarpus L. Sp. Pl. 1: 176. (1753)

Type species: Conocarpus erectus L. Sp. Pl. 1: 176. (1753)

Synonyms

Homotypic
Rudbeckia Adans. Fam. Pl. 2: 80, 599 (as Rudbekia). (1763) nom. illeg. hom.

References

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 176.
International Plant Names Index. 2016. Conocarpus. Published online. Accessed: Apr. 7 2016.
Tropicos.org 2016. Conocarpus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2016 Apr. 7.

Vernacular names
English: A type of Mangrove

Conocarpus is a genus of two species of flowering plants in the family Combretaceae, native to tropical regions of the world. One of the species is a widespread mangrove species, and the other is restricted to a small area around the southern Red Sea coasts, where it grows alongside seasonal rivers.

They are dense multiple-trunked shrubs or small to medium-sized trees from 1 to 20 m tall.

The generic name is derived from the Greek words κονος (konos), meaning "cone" and καρπος (karpos) meaning "fruit".[2]

Distribution
Buttonwood tree at Fort Jefferson in the Dry Tortugas

C. erectus is native to the coasts of tropical America from Bermuda, the Bahamas, and southern Florida through the West Indies, from Mexico south on the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, and Atlantic Coasts to Brazil, and on the Pacific Coast from Mexico to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands, and on the coast of western Africa from Senegal to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It has been rarely introduced elsewhere.[3] C. lancifolius is native to Somalia and Yemen, and is cultivated in eastern and northern Africa and the Arabian peninsula.[4]

List of species

Conocarpus acuminatus Roxb. ex DC. synonym of Anogeissus acuminata (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. ex Guillem. & Perr. [5]
Conocarpus acutifolius Willd. ex Schult. synonym of Conocarpus erectus L. [6]
Conocarpus erectus L. [7]
C. e. var. arboreus DC. synonym of Conocarpus erectus L. [8]
C. e. var. argenteus Millsp. synonym of Conocarpus erectus L. [9]
C. e. f.erectus synonym of Conocarpus erectus L. [10]
C. e. var. erectus synonym of Conocarpus erectus L. [11]
C. e. var. procumbens DC. synonym of Conocarpus erectus L. [12]
C. e. f. sericeus (E.Forst. ex DC.) Stace synonym of Conocarpus erectus L. [13]
C. e. var. sericeus E.Forst. ex DC. synonym of Conocarpus erectus L. [14]
Conocarpus hirtus Buch.-Ham. ex Wall. (Unresolved) [15]
Conocarpus lanceolatus B.Heyne ex Wall. (Unresolved) [16]
Conocarpus lancifolius Engl. [17]
Conocarpus latifolius Roxb. ex DC. synonym of Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. ex Guillem. & Perr. [18]
Conocarpus leiocarpus DC. synonym of Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC.) Guill. & Perr. [19]
Conocarpus monocarpus Steud. (Unresolved) [20]
Conocarpus myrtifolius Buch.-Ham. ex Wall. synonym of Anogeissus pendula Edgew. [21]
Conocarpus niloticus Delile ex Steud. (Unresolved) [22]
Conocarpus novae-zeylandiae Cels ex Ten. (Unresolved) [23]
Conocarpus parvifolius Hochst. ex A.Rich. (Unresolved) [24]
Conocarpus procumbens L. synonym of Conocarpus erectus L. [25]
Conocarpus pubescens Schumach. & Thonn. (Unresolved) [26]
Conocarpus racemosus L. synonym of Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C.F.Gaertn. [27]
Conocarpus schimperi Hochst. ex A.Rich. synonym of Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC.) Guill. & Perr. [28]
Conocarpus sericeus J.R.Forst. ex G.Don synonym of Conocarpus erectus L. [29]
Conocarpus sericeus (Griseb.) Jiménez synonym of Conocarpus erectus L. [30]
Conocarpus supina Crantz synonym of Conocarpus erectus L. [31]

Formerly placed here

Anogeissus acuminata (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. ex Guill. & Perr. (as C. acuminatus Roxb. ex DC.) [32]
Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. ex Guill. & Perr. (as C. latifolius Roxb. ex DC.) [33]
Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC.) Guill. & Perr. (as C. leiocarpus DC.) [34]
Anogeissus pendula Edgew. [35]
Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C.F.Gaertn. (as C. racemosus L.) [36]

References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Conocarpus.
Wikispecies has information related to Conocarpus.

"Genus: Conocarpus L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 1996-09-17. Archived from the original on 2010-05-30. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
Austin, Daniel F. (2004). Florida Ethnobotany. CRC Press. p. 372. ISBN 978-0-8493-2332-4.
Duke, James A. (July 8, 1996). "Conocarpus erectus L." Retrieved February 24, 2019.
"Conocarpus lancifolius - Geographic range in detail". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1998. Retrieved February 24, 2019.
"Conocarpus acuminatus Roxb. Ex DC. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus acutifolius Willd. Ex Schult. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus erectus L. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus erectus var. Arboreus DC. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus erectus var. Argenteus Millsp. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus erectus f. Erectus — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus erectus var. Erectus — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus erectus var. Procumbens DC. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus erectus f. Sericeus (E.Forst. Ex DC.) Stace — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus erectus var. Sericeus E.Forst. Ex DC. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus hirtus Buch.-Ham. Ex Wall. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus lanceolatus B.Heyne ex Wall. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus lancifolius Engl. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus latifolius Roxb. Ex DC. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus leiocarpus DC. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus monocarpus Steud. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus myrtifolius Buch.-Ham. Ex Wall. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus niloticus Delile ex Steud. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus novae-zeylandiae Cels ex Ten. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus parvifolius Hochst. Ex A.Rich. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus procumbens L. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus pubescens Schumach. & Thonn. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus racemosus L. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus schimperi Hochst. Ex A.Rich. — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus sericeus J.R.Forst. Ex G.Don — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus sericeus (Griseb.) Jiménez — the Plant List".
"Conocarpus supina Crantz — the Plant List".
"Anogeissus acuminata (Roxb. Ex DC.) Wall. Ex Guillem. & Perr. — the Plant List".
"Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb. Ex DC.) Wall. Ex Guillem. & Perr. — the Plant List".
"Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC.) Guill. & Perr. — the Plant List".
"Anogeissus pendula Edgew. — the Plant List".
"Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C.F.Gaertn. — the Plant List".