Raphanus

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids II
Ordo: Brassicales

Familia: Brassicaceae
Tribus: Brassiceae
Genus: Raphanus
Species: R. raphanistrum – R. sativus
Name

Raphanus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 669. (1753)

Type species: Raphanus sativus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 669. (1753)

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Dondisia Scop. (1777) non DC. (1830)
Durandea Delarbre

References

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum 2: 669.
Koch, M.A. et al. 2019. Raphanus in BrassiBase Tools and biological resources to study characters and traits in the Brassicaceae. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 July 18.
International Plant Names Index. 2019. Raphanus. Published online. Accessed: July 18 2019.
Ziffer-Berger, J., Hanin, N., Fogel, T., Mummenhoff, K. & Barazani, O. 2015. Molecular phylogeny indicates polyphyly in Raphanus L. (Brassicaceae). Edinburgh Journal of Botany 72(1): 1–11. DOI: 10.1017/S0960428614000286 Reference page.

Vernacular names
العربية: فجل
azərbaycanca: Turp
Boarisch: Radi
беларуская: Рэдзька
čeština: ředkev
dansk: Kiddike-slægten
Deutsch: Rettiche
English: Radish
español: Rábano
suomi: Retikat
galego: Ravo, Labestro, Saramago
hornjoserbsce: Rjetkej
հայերեն: Բողկ
italiano: Rafano
日本語: ダイコン属
қазақша: Тұрып
한국어: 무속
polski: Rzodkiew
português: Rábano
русский: Редька
srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Rotkva
slovenčina: reďkev
svenska: Rättikor
українська: Редька

Raphanus (Latin for "radish"[3]) is a genus within the flowering plant family Brassicaceae.

Carl Linnaeus described three species within the genus: the cultivated radish (Raphanus sativus), the wild radish or jointed charlock (Raphanus raphanistrum), and the rat-tail radish (Raphanus caudatus). Various other species have been proposed (particularly related to the East Asian daikon varieties) and the rat-tail radish is sometimes considered a variety of R. sativus, but no clear consensus has emerged.

Raphanus species grow as annual or biennial plants, with a taproot which is much enlarged in the cultivated radish. Unlike many other genera in the family Brassicaceae, Raphanus has indehiscent fruit that do not split open at maturity to reveal the seeds. The genus is native to Asia, but its members can now be found worldwide. Growing wild, they are regarded as invasive species in many regions.

Raphanus species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including cabbage moth, Endoclita excrescens, the garden carpet, and the nutmeg.

The genomes of Raphanus raphanistrum (wild radish)[4] and Raphanus sativus (cultivated radish) have been sequenced.
References

"Raphanus confusus". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 4 January 2018.
Raphanus confusus Tropicos.org Missouri Botanical Garden. 01 Dec 2011
Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd ed. "Raphanus, n." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2008.
Moghe, Gaurav (May 2014). "Consequences of Whole-Genome Triplication as Revealed by Comparative Genomic Analyses of the Wild Radish Raphanus raphanistrum and Three Other Brassicaceae Species". The Plant Cell. 26 (5): 1925–1937. doi:10.1105/tpc.114.124297. PMC 4079359. PMID 24876251.