Crax blumenbachii

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: ParaHoxozoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Olfactores
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Sauropsida
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Cladus: Diapsida
Cladus: Neodiapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Cladus: Archelosauria
Cladus: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crocopoda
Cladus: Archosauriformes
Cladus: Eucrocopoda
Cladus: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Cladus: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Cladus: Saurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Subclassis: Aves
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Cladus: Neornithes
Infraclassis: Neognathae
Cladus: Pangalloanserae
Cladus: Galloanseres
Ordo: Galliformes
Subordo: Craci

Familia: Cracidae
Subfamilia: Cracinae
Genus: Crax
Species: Crax blumenbachii
Name

Crax blumenbachii Spix, 1825
References

Spix, 1825. p.50 BHL, pl. 64 BHL.

Links

IUCN: Crax blumenbachii (Endangered)
[1] Listed animal in CITES Appendix I

Vernacular names
العربية: قراز أحمر المنقار
български: Червеноклюн кракс
català: Hoco de Blumenbach
Cymraeg: Cwrasow picoch
Deutsch: Rotschnabelhokko
English: Red-billed Curassow
Esperanto: Ruĝbeka mutuo
français: Hocco de Blumenbach
magyar: Piroscsőrű hokkó
日本語: アカハシホウカンチョウ
Nederlands: Roodsnavelhokko
Diné bizaad: Atseentélí bidaaʼ łichíʼígíí
polski: Czubacz czerwonodzioby
português: Mutum-do-sudeste
русский: Красноклювый кракс
svenska: rödnäbbad hocko
中文: 紅嘴鳳冠雉

The red-billed curassow or red-knobbed curassow (Crax blumenbachii) is an endangered species of cracid that is endemic to lowland Atlantic Forest in the states of Espírito Santo, Bahia and Minas Gerais in southeastern Brazil. Its population is decreasing[2] due to hunting and deforestation, and it has possibly been extirpated from Minas Gerais. It is currently being reintroduced to Rio de Janeiro by means of individuals bred in captivity.[3] As suggested by its common name, the male has a largely red bill, but this is lacking in the female.
Description

The red-billed curassow is a large bird reaching a length of 82 to 92 centimetres (32 to 36 in). The male has pure black upper parts with a large black crest, and white underparts. There are bright red wattles and knobs at the base of the bill. The male can be distinguished from the wattled curassow (Crax globulosa) by being less bluish-black and from the black curassow (Crax alector) by being less purplish-black. The female lacks the wattles and has black upper parts, a black and white barred crest, reddish-brown wings barred and mottled with black, and reddish-brown or ochre underparts.[4]
Behaviour

The red-billed curassow is a largely ground-dwelling bird. It feeds on seeds, fruits, buds and small invertebrates. Males can be heard issuing their loud "booms" in September and October. Females lay a clutch of one to four eggs and the young are fledged by the end of the year.[1]
Status

The red-billed curassow has a very limited range in eastern Brazil and populations there are declining because of habitat loss and hunting. The virgin forest in which it lives has largely been converted to agricultural land and plantations, and the bird is only present now in reserves, and even here it is illegally hunted and captured for the bird trade. There has been a successful captive breeding programme but the International Union for Conservation of Nature rates its conservation status in the wild as "endangered".[1]
References

BirdLife International (2016). "Crax blumenbachii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22678544A92777952. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22678544A92777952.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
Plano de Ação para a Conservação do Mutum-do-sudeste Crax blumenbachii (Management Plan for the Conservation of the Southeastern Curassow Crax blumenbachii) IBAMA. Accessed 2008-10-02
National Geographic Brasil, ISSN 1517-7211, February 2007, pg.22
Emmet Reid Blake (1 July 1977). Manual of Neotropical Birds. University of Chicago Press. p. 432. ISBN 978-0-226-05641-8.