Eriocapitella hupehensis

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Ordo: Ranunculales

Familia: Ranunculaceae
Subfamilia: Ranunculoideae
Tribus: Anemoneae
Genus: Eriocapitella
Species: Eriocapitella hupehensis
Name

Eriocapitella hupehensis (É.Lemoine) Christenh. & Byng, Global Fl. 4: 75 (2018).
Synonyms

Basionym
Anemone japonica var. hupehensis É.Lemoine, Nursery Cat. (Lemoine) 170: 42 (1908).
Homotypic
Anemone hupehensis (É.Lemoine) É.Lemoine, Nursery Cat. (Lemoine) 176: 40 (1910).
Anemone hupehensis (É.Lemoine) Boynton, Addisonia 16: 33 (1931), comb. superfl.

Heterotypic
Anemone hupehensis f. alba W.T.Wang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 180 (1974).

Note:

Some list this plant as Anemone vitifolia var. matsudae Yamam. (1927), but this name can not be used in this concept, as the earliest name at varietal rank is Anemone japonica var. hupehensis Lemoine (1908).
Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe (introduced)
Regional: Middle Europe
Czechoslovakia, Germany.
Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: China
China South-Central, China Southeast, Tibet.
Regional: Eastern Asia
Korea (introduced), Taiwan.
Continental: Asia-Tropical
Regional: Indian Subcontinent
Assam, East Himalaya, Nepal.
Regional: Indo-China
Myanmar.
Continental: Southern America (introduced)
Regional: Western South America
Ecuador.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Christenhusz, M.J.M., Fay, M.F. & Byng, J.W. (eds). 2018. The Global Flora, Vol. 4: Special Edition, GLOVAP Nomenclature Part 1. Plant Gateway Ltd., Bradford. ISBN 978-0-9929993-5-3 PDFReference page.
Lemoine, V. 1910. Catalogue et prix-courant pour le printemps et l'été... 176: 40.

Additional references

Yang, T.Y.A. & Huang, T.C. 2008. Additional Remarks on Ranunculaceae in Taiwan (8) － Revision of Ranunculaceae in Taiwan. Taiwania 53(2): 210–229.

Links

Hassler, M. 2021. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Eriocapitella hupehensis. Accessed: 9 Aug 2021.
Hassler, M. 2021. Eriocapitella hupehensis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Aug 9. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Eriocapitella hupehensis in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Aug 9. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2021. Eriocapitella hupehensis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 9 Aug 2021.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Eriocapitella hupehensis. Published online. Accessed: 9 Aug 2021.

Vernacular names
Deutsch: Herbst-Anemone
English: Hubei Anemone
українська: Анемона хубейська

Eriocapitella hupehensis, a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, is native to Asia.[1] The specific epithet hupehensis, which means "from Hupeh (Hupei, Hubei) province, China",[2] refers to a region where the species is known to occur. In Chinese, it is called dǎ pò wǎn huā huā (打破碗花花),[3] which means "broken bowl flower".[4]

Description

Eriocapitella hupehensis is a perennial herbaceous plant with a rhizome-like root structure. It is a clump-forming plant with 3–5 basal leaves, each with a petiole 5 to 35 cm (2 to 14 in) long. The leaf blades are ternate with a central leaflet 4 to 10 cm (1.6 to 3.9 in) long and 3 to 10 cm (1.2 to 3.9 in) wide. The lateral leaflets are similar to but smaller than the central leaflet. The stem is 30 to 100 cm (12 to 39 in) long, occasionally up to 120 cm (47 in) long. A whorl of 3 leaves (technically bracts) wraps around the stem. The stem leaves are similar in appearance to the basal leaves but somewhat smaller. The inflorescence is a cyme with 2 or 3 branches and a primary flower stalk 3 to 10 cm (1.2 to 3.9 in) long. Each flower is approximately 5 cm (2.0 in) across. In its native habitat, the flower usually has 5 sepals (no petals) but cultivated plants have double flowers with around 20 sepals. The sepals may be purple, purple-red, pink or white. In the center of the flower, there are more than 100 pistils each 1.5 mm long, surrounded by prominent yellow stamens approximately 5 mm (0.2 in) long. The fruits are small ovoid achenes with straight styles.[3]
Taxonomy

Eriocapitella hupehensis was described by Maarten J. M. Christenhusz and James W. Byng in 2018.[5] Like other members of genus Eriocapitella, E. hupehensis was formerly a member of genus Anemone. The basionym Anemone japonica var. hupehensis Lemoine was described in 1908.[6]
Distribution

Eriocapitella hupehensis is native to Asia, in the Eastern Himalaya region, East Asia, and Southeast Asia.[3]

Eastern Himalaya: Nepal, Assam (northeast India), Tibet
East and Southeast Asia: China, Taiwan, Myanmar
Northwest China: Shaanxi
Central China: Hubei
East China: Jiangxi, Zhejiang
South China: Guangdong, Guangxi
Southwest China: Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan

The species was introduced into Czechoslovakia, Ecuador, and Germany.[1]
Ecology

Eriocapitella hupehensis along with four other taxa (E. × hybrida, E. japonica, E. tomentosa, and E. vitifolia) are known as fall-blooming anemones.[7] In its native habitat, E. hupehensis flowers from July to October.[3]
Cultivation

Eriocapitella hupehensis and its cultivars are cultivated worldwide, especially in Asia, Europe, and South America, where naturalized populations are known to exist. In China, E. hupehensis has been cultivated since at least the 17th century, probably dating back to the Tang dynasty (618–907). Hundreds of years ago, a semi-double form of E. hupehensis escaped cultivation and spread across China to Japan and Korea. This descendant of E. hupehensis, now known as E. japonica, is a parent of the artificial hybrid E. × hybrida.[8][7][9]

At the Chicago Botanic Garden, Rudy experimented with 26 cultivars of fall-blooming anemones over a 5-year period beginning in 1998. His experiments included three cultivars of E. hupehensis:[7]
Cultivar Flower color Flower form Height Width Bloom period Bloom length
E. hupehensis 'Hadspen Abundance'[10] pale purple single 27 in. 40 in. mid Sep-early Nov 45.2 days
E. hupehensis 'Praecox'[11] pink single 50 in. 33 in. late Jul-early Oct 51.8 days
E. hupehensis 'Superba'[12] lavender pink semi-double 26 in. 29 in. early Sep-early Nov 47.2 days

As of March 2020, the following cultivars have gained the Award of Garden Merit (AGM) from the Royal Horticultural Society:[13]

E. hupehensis 'Bowles's Pink'[14]
E. hupehensis 'Hadspen Abundance'

Gallery

Seeds

Seeds
Flower and unripe seedheads in a private garden

Flower and unripe seedheads in a private garden
Anemone hupehensis by A.J. Wendel, 1868

Anemone hupehensis by A.J. Wendel, 1868
Henri Fantin-Latour, Japanese Anemones, 1884

Henri Fantin-Latour, Japanese Anemones, 1884

See also

Eriocapitella japonica
Eriocapitella × hybrida

References

"Eriocapitella hupehensis (É.Lemoine) Christenh. & Byng". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
Gledhill (2008), p. 205.
Wang, Wencai; Ziman, Svetlana N.; Dutton, Bryan E. "Anemone hupehensis". Flora of China. Vol. 6 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
"Chinese-English online translator and dictionary". Yandex Translate. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
"Eriocapitella hupehensis (É.Lemoine) Christenh. & Byng". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 2020-12-23.
"Anemone japonica var. hupehensis É.Lemoine". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 15 December 2020.
Rudy (2004).
Herman (2004).
Klingaman, Gerald (13 October 2006). "Japanese anemone". University of Arkansas, Division of Agriculture Cooperative Extension Service. Archived from the original on 29 September 2011. Retrieved 2010-01-07.
"Anemone hupehensis 'Hadspen Abundance'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 18 December 2020.
"Anemone hupehensis 'Praecox'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 18 December 2020.
"Anemone hupehensis 'Superba'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 18 December 2020.
"Ornamentals AGM Plants March 2020" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 18 December 2020.

"Anemone hupehensis 'Bowles's Pink'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 23 February 2020.

Bibliography

Gledhill, David (2008). The Names of Plants (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-86645-3.
Herman, Robert (2004). "Fall-blooming anemones". Fine Gardening. 99: 48–52. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1-4053-3296-5.
Rudy, Mark R. (2004). "Fall-blooming Anemones" (PDF). Plant Evaluation Notes, Issue 25. Chicago Botanic Garden. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
Wang, Wei; Lu, An-Ming; Ren, Yi; Endress, Mary E.; Chen, Zhi-Duan (January 2009). "Phylogeny and classification of Ranunculales: Evidence from four molecular loci and morphological data". Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics. 11 (2): 81–110. doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2009.01.001.