Trifolium

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Orthokaryota
Cladus: Neokaryota
Cladus: Photokaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: CAM
Regnum*: Archaeplastida
Regnum: Plantae
Regnum*: Viridiplantae
Cladus: Streptophyta
Cladus: Phragmoplastophyta
Cladus: Embryophyta
Cladus: Polysporangiophyta
Divisio*: Tracheophyta
Cladus: Eutracheophyta
Cladus: Euphyllophytina
Cladus: Megaphylla
Cladus: Radiatopses
Cladus: Lignophyta
Cladus: Metalignophyta
Diviso*: Spermatophyta
Classis*: Angiospermae
Cladus: Mesangiospermae
Cladus: Eudicota
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Unieurosida
Ordo: Fabales

Familia: Fabaceae
Subfamilia: Faboideae
Tribus: Trifolieae
Genus: Trifolium
Subgenera: T. subg. Chronosemium – T. subg. Trifolium
Overview of species
Top · a · b · c · d · e · f · g · h · i · j · k · l · m · n · o · p · q · r · s · t · u · v · w · x · y · z
a

T. absconditum – T. abyssinicum – T. acaule – T. acutiflorum – T. × adulterinum – T. affine – T. africanum – T. aintabense – T. albopurpureum – T. alexandrinum – T. alpestre – T. alpinum – T. alsadami – T. amabile – T. ambiguum – T. amoenum – T. amphianthum – T. amplectens – T. andersonii – T. andinum – T. andricum – T. angulatum – T. angustifolium – T. ankaratrense – T. apertum – T. appendiculatum – T. argutum – T. arvense – T. attenuatum – T. aurantiacum – T. aureum
b

T. baccarinii – T. badium – T. barbeyi – T. barbigerum – T. barbulatum – T. batmanicum – T. beckwithii – T. bejariense – T. × bertrandii – T. berytheum – T. biebersteinii – T. bifidum – T. bilineatum – T. billardierei – T. bithynicum – T. bivonae – T. blancheanum – T. bobrovii – T. bocconei – T. boissieri – T. bolanderi – T. bordsilovskyi – T. brandegeei – T. breweri – T. brutium – T. buckwestiorum – T. bullatum – T. burchellianum
c

T. calcaricum – T. campestre – T. canescens – T. carolinianum – T. caudatum – T. cernuum – T. cheranganiense – T. cherleri – T. chilaloense – T. chilense – T. chlorotrichum – T. ciliolatum – T. circumdatum – T. clusii – T. clypeatum – T. congestum – T. constantinopolitanum – T. cryptopodium – T. cyathiferum
d

T. dalmaticum – T. dasyphyllum – T. dasyurum – T. davisii – T. decorum – T. dedeckerae – T. depauperatum – T. dichotomum – T. dichroanthum – T. dichroanthoides – T. diffusum – T. dolopium – T. douglasii – T. dubium
e

T. echinatum – T. egrissicum – T. elazizense – T. elgonense – T. elizabethiae – T. eriocephalum – T. eriosphaerum – T. erubescens – T. euxinum – T. eximium
f

T. farayense – T. fergan-karaeri – T. foliosum – T. fontanum – T. fragiferum – T. friscanum – T. fucatum
g

T. gemellum – T. gillettianum – T. glanduliferum – T. globosum – T. glomeratum – T. gordeievii – T. gracilentum – T. grandiflorum – T. gymnocarpon
h

T. hatschbachii – T. haussknechtii – T. haydenii – T. heldreichianum – T. hirtum – T. howellii – T. humile – T. hybridum
i

T. incarnatum – T. infamia-ponertii – T. israeliticum – T. isthmocarpum
j

T. jokerstii – T. juliani
k

T. kentuckiense – T. kingii – T. kurdistanicum
l

T. lanceolatum – T. lappaceum – T. latifolium – T. latinum – T. leibergii – T. lemmonii – T. leucanthum – T. ligusticum – T. longidentatum – T. longipes – T. lucanicum – T. lugardii – T. lupinaster
m

T. macraei – T. macrocephalum – T. masaiense – T. mattirolianum – T. mazanderanicum – T. medium – T. meduseum – T. meironense – T. mesogitanum – T. michaelis – T. michelianum – T. micranthum – T. microcephalum – T. microdon – T. miegeanum – T. minutissimum – T. modestum – T. monanthum – T. montanum – T. multinerve – T. multistriatum – T. mutabile
n

T. nanum – T. nerimaniae – T. × neyrautii – T. nigrescens – T. noricum
o

T. obscurum – T. obtusiflorum – T. occidentale – T. ochroleucon – T. oliganthum – T. olivaceum – T. orbelicum – T. ornithopodioides – T. owyheense
p

T. pachycalyx – T. palaestinum – T. pallescens – T. pallidum – T. pannonicum – T. palmeri – T. pamphylicum – T. parnassii – T. parryi – T. patens – T. patulum – T. pauciflorum – T. peruvianum – T. petrisavii – T. philistaeum – T. phitosianum – T. phleoides – T. physanthum – T. physodes – T. pichisermollii – T. pignantii – T. pilczii – T. pilulare – T. pinetorum – T. piorkowskii – T. plebeium – T. plumosum – T. polymorphum – T. polyodon – T. polyphyllum – T. polystachyum – T. praetermissum – T. pratense – T. productum – T. prophetarum – T. pseudomedium – T. pseudostriatum – T. pulchellum – T. purpureum – T. purseglovei
q

T. quartinianum
r

T. radicosum – T. rechingeri – T. reflexum – T. repens – T. resupinatum – T. retusum – T. × retyezaticum – T. rhizomatosum – T. rhombeum – T. riograndense – T. rollinsii – T. roussaeanum – T. rubens – T. rueppellianum – T. ruprechtii
s

T. salmoneum – T. sannineum – T. sarosiense – T. saxatile – T. scabrum – T. schimperi – T. × schwarzii – T. schneideri – T. scutatum – T. sebastianii – T. semipilosum – T. setiferum – T. simense – T. sintenisii – T. siskiyouense – T. somalense – T. sonorense – T. spadiceum – T. spananthum – T. spumosum – T. squamosum – T. squarrosum – T. stellatum – T. steudneri – T. stipulaceum – T. stoloniferum – T. stolzii – T. striatum – T. strictum – T. subterraneum – T. suffocatum – T. sylvaticum
t

T. tembense – T. tenuifolium – T. thalii – T. thompsonii – T. tomentosum – T. × traplii – T. triaristatum – T. trichocalyx – T. trichocephalum – T. trichopterum – T. tumens
u

T. ukingense – T. uniflorum – T. usambarense
v

T. variegatum – T. vavilovii – T. velebiticum – T. velenovskyi – T. vernum – T. vesiculosum – T. vestitum – T. virginicum
w

T. wentzelianum – T. wettsteinii – T. wigginsii – T. willdenovii – T. wormskioldii
x

T. xanthinum

See - T. acaule - - T. africanum - T. aintabense - - T. angustifolium - T. antucoensis - T. apertum - T. argutum - T. arvense - T. attenuatum - T. aureum - T. baccarinii - T. badium - T. barbeyi - - T. berytheum - T. bifidum - T. bilineatum - T. bivonae - T. bocconei - - T. bullatum - T. burchellianum - T. campestre - T. canescens - T T. ciliolatum - um - T. masaiense - T. mattirolianum - T. - T. repens - - T. tomentosum - T. triaristatum - T. trichocalyx - T. trichocephalum - T. trichopterum - T. tumens - T. tunetanum - T. ukingense - T. uniflorum - T. usambarense - T. variegatum - T. vavilovii - T. velebiticum - - T. vesiculosum - - T. wentzelianum - T. wettsteinii -

Source(s) of checklist:

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Trifolium in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Jun 20. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Trifolium. Accessed: 20 Jun 2021. Reference page.

Name

Trifolium L. (1753)

Type species: T. pratense L.

Synonyms

Amarenus C.Presl, Symb. Bot. 1: 46 (1830)
Amoria C.Presl, Symb. Bot. 1: 45 (1830)
Bobrovia A.P.Khokhr., Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast., 31: 137 (1998)
Calycomorphum C.Presl, Symb. Bot. 1: 50 (1830)
Carpohypogaea Gibbs & Belli
Chrysaspis Desv., Fl. Anjou 338 (1827)
Dactiphyllon Raf., Am. Monthly Mag. 268 (1818)
Falcatula Brot., Phyt. Lusit. 160, t. 68 (1801)
Galearia C.Presl, Symb. Bot. 1: 49 (1830) nec Zoll. & Moritzi
Kentia Adans., Fam. 2: 508 (1763)
Lagopus Hill, Brit. Herb. 307 (1756)
Lojaconoa Bobrov, Bot. Journ., URSS, 52: 1597 in clavi, 1598 (1967)
Loxospermum Hochst., Flora, 29: 594 (1846)
Lupinaster Fabr., Enum. [Fabr.]. 171 (1759)
Micrantheum C.Presl, Symb. Bot. 1: 47 (1830)
Microphyton Fourr., Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, N. S. 16: 362 (1868)
Mistyllus C.Presl, Symb. Bot. 1: 49 (1830)
Ochreata (Lojac.) Bobrov, Bot. Journ., URSS, 52: 1597 in clavi, 1598 (1967)
Paramesus C.Presl, Symb. Bot. 1: 45 (1830)
Pentaphyllon Pers., Syn. 2: 352 (1807)
Triphylloides Moench, Meth. 509 (1794)
Ursia Vassilcz., Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast., 16: 133 (1979)
Ursifolium Doweld, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 108(4): 78 (2003)
Xerosphaera Soják, Cas. Nár. Muz. (Prague), 154(1): 35 1985 (1986)

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Temp. & Subtropical to Tropical Mountains
Afghanistan, Alabama, Albania, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Burundi, Buryatiya, California, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Central European Russia, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, Chita, Colombia, Colorado, Corse, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Djibouti, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Finland, Florida, France, Free State, Føroyar, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Hungary, Iceland, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., KwaZulu-Natal, Lebanon-Syria, Lesotho, Libya, Louisiana, Madagascar, Madeira, Malawi, Manchuria, Mauritania, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, Nicaragua, Nigeria, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North European Russia, Northern Provinces, Northwest European Russia, Norway, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Romania, Rwanda, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Sinai, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russia, Spain, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tanzania, Tennessee, Texas, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Aleutian Is., Amsterdam-St.Paul Is, Antipodean Is., Bahamas, Bangladesh, Bermuda, Chatham Is., China South-Central, China Southeast, Crozet Is., Cuba, Dominican Republic, Easter Is., Falkland Is., Fiji, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Jamaica, Jawa, Juan Fernández Is., Kamchatka, Kerguelen, Kermadec Is., Magadan, Maryland, Nansei-shoto, New Guinea, New South Wales, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Norfolk Is., Panamá, Puerto Rico, Queensland, Réunion, South Australia, South Georgia, Sri Lanka, St.Helena, Taiwan, Tasmania, Tristan da Cunha, Venezuela, Vermont, Victoria, Western Australia, Wisconsin

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 764. Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Trifolium in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Jun 14. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Trifolium. Published online. Accessed: Jun 14 2021. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2021. Trifolium. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 14 Jun 2021. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. Trifolium. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Jun 14. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Trifolium. Accessed: 14 Jun 2021. Reference page.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Trifolium in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 20 March 2006. Reference page.

Vernacular names

العربية: نفل azərbaycanca: Yonca беларуская: Канюшына български: Детелина brezhoneg: Melchon català: Trèvol کوردی: شەوەر kaszëbsczi: Kòniczëna čeština: jetel Cymraeg: Meillionen dansk: Kløver Deutsch: Klee dolnoserbski: Źiśelina Ελληνικά: Τριφύλλι English: Clover Esperanto: Trifolio español: Trébol eesti: Ristik euskara: Hirusta فارسی: شبدر suomi: Apilat Nordfriisk: Müsklööwer français: Trèfle Gaeilge: Seamair galego: Trevo עברית: תלתן हिन्दी: तिपतिया hrvatski: Djetelina hornjoserbsce: Dźećel magyar: Here հայերեն: Երեքնուկ Ido: Trifolio íslenska: Smárar italiano: Trifoglio 日本語: シャジクソウ属 ქართული: სამყურა қазақша: Беде перем коми: Сизьюр 한국어: 토끼풀속 kurdî: Nefel Limburgs: Kliè lietuvių: Dobilas latviešu: Āboliņi македонски: Детелина эрзянь: Ашо пря чавканьбал မြန်မာဘာသာ: ကလိုဗါပင် Plattdüütsch: Klever Nederlands: Klaver norsk nynorsk: Kløver norsk: Kløverslekta ирон: Æртæсыфон polski: Koniczyna Runa Simi: Chikmu română: Trifoi русский: Клевер davvisámegiella: Luovvarat srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Djetelina slovenčina: ďatelina српски / srpski: Детелина svenska: Klövrar ślůnski: Kraśikůń Türkçe: Üçgül Tırfıl українська: Конюшина oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча: Sebarga Tiếng Việt: Chi Cỏ ba lá 中文: 三叶草属