Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: ParaHoxozoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Olfactores
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Synapsida
Cladus: Eupelycosauria
Cladus: Metopophora
Cladus: Haptodontiformes
Cladus: Sphenacomorpha
Cladus: Sphenacodontia
Cladus: Therapsida
Cladus: Theriodontia
Cladus: Eutheriodontia
Cladus: Cynodontia
Cladus: Epicynodontia
Cladus: Eucynodontia
Cladus: Probainognathia
Cladus: Prozostrodontia
Cladus: Mammaliamorpha
Cladus: Mammaliaformes
Classis: Mammalia
Cladus: Theriimorpha
Cladus: Theriiformes
Cladus: Trechnotheria
Cladus: Zatheria
Subclassis: Theria
Cladus: Eutheria
Infraclassis: Placentalia
Magnordo: Boreoeutheria
Superordo: Laurasiatheria
Cladus: Scrotifera
Grandordo: Ferungulata
Mirordo: Euungulata
Ordo: Artiodactyla
Cladus: Artiofabula
Cladus: Cetruminantia
Cladus: Cetancodontamorpha
Subordo: Whippomorpha
Cladus: Cetaceamorpha
Infraordo: Cetacea
Cladus: Neoceti
Parvordo: Odontoceti
Familia: Physeteridae
Genus: Physeter
Species: †P. antiquus – P. macrocephalus – †P. vetus
Name
Physeter Linnaeus, 1758
Gender: masculine
Type species: Physeter macrocephalus Linnaeus, 1758
Fixation: subsequent designation by Desmarest (1855-1856) [fide Husson & Holthuis (1974: 214–215)]
Synonyms
Catodon Linnaeus, 1761 [objective synonymy]
Type species: Physeter macrocephalus Linnaeus, 1758
Fixation: monotypy [fide Husson & Holthuis (1974: 215)]
Cetus Garsault, 1764: pl. 662
Cetus Billberg, 1828
Meganeuron Gray, 1865
Megistosaurus Anonymous, in Harlan, 1828
Phiseter Bonnaterre, 1789
Physalus Lacépède, 1804
Physeterus Dumeril, 1806
Tursio Fleming, 1822
References
Primary references
Garsault, F.A.P. de 1764. Les figures des plantes et animaux d'usage en médecine, décrits dans la Matière Médicale de Mr. Geoffroy Médecin, dessinés d'après nature. Gravés par Mrs. Defehrt, Prevost, Duflos, Martinet &c. Niquet scrip. Vol. 5. pl. 644–729. Paris: Desprez. BHL. Reference page.
Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Holmiæ: impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii. i–ii, 1–824 pp DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542: 76. Open access Reference page.
Additional references
Husson, A.M.; Holthuis, L.B. 1974: Physeter macrocephalus Linnaeus, 1758, the valid name for the sperm whale. Zoologische mededelingen, 48: 205–217.
Physeter in Mammal Species of the World.
Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn M. (Editors) 2005. Mammal Species of the World – A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Third edition. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
Links
ION
Nomenclator Zoologicus
Australian Faunal Directory
Vernacular names
English: sperm whales
日本語: マッコウクジラ属
ไทย: วาฬสเปิร์ม, วาฬหัวทุย
Physeter is a genus of toothed whales. There is only one living species in this genus: the sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus).[2] Some extremely poorly known fossil species have also been assigned to the same genus including Physeter antiquus (5.3–2.6 mya) from the Pliocene of France,[3] and Physeter vetus (2.6 mya – 12 ka) from the Quaternary of the U.S. state of Georgia.[4] Physeter vetus is very likely an invalid species, as the few teeth that were used to identify this species appear to be identical to those of another toothed whale, Orycterocetus quadratidens.[5]
Sperm whales spend more than 72% of their time engaged in foraging dive cycles. Foraging behavior, including buzz vocalizations for prey capture. The efficiency of sperm whale foraging is attributed to their effective long range echolocation, and efficient locomotion during deep dives. [6]
The name is from Greek φυσητήρ (physētēr) 'blowpipe, blowhole (of a whale)'.[7]
References
"Physeter macrocephalus Linnaeus 1758 (sperm whale)". Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
"Physeter Linnaeus 1758 (sperm whale)". Fossilworks.
"Physeter antiquus Gervais 1849". Fossilworks.
"Physeter vetus Leidy 1869". Fossilworks.
Hay, Oliver Perry (1923). The Pleistocene of North America and Its Vertebrated Animals from the States East of the Mississippi River and from the Canadian Provinces East of Longitude 95. Carnegie Institution of Washington. p. 370. ISBN 9780598344724.
Watwood, S. L., Patrick J. O. Miller, Johnson, M., Madsen, P. T., & Tyack, P. L. (2006). Deep-Diving Foraging Behaviour of Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus). Journal of Animal Ecology, 75(3), 814–825. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2006.01101.x
Alexander Senning, The Etymology of Chemical Names (Walter de Gruyter, 2019, ISBN 3110612712), p. 280.
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