Acraea

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Cladus: Obtectomera
Superfamilia: Papilionoidea

Familia: Nymphalidae
Subfamilia: Heliconiinae
Tribus: Acraeini
Genus: Acraea
Species:
A

A. acara – A. acerata – A. acrita – A. actinotina – A. acuta – A. acutipennis – A. admatha – A. adrasta – A. aganice – A. aglaonice – A. alalonga – A. alcinoe – A. alciope – A. alciopoides – A. alicia – A. althoffi – A. alticola – A. amicitiae – A. anacreon – A. anacreontica – A. andromacha – A. anemosa – A. annonae – A. ansorgei – A. asboloplintha – A. asema – A. atatis – A. atergatis – A. atolmis – A. aubyni – A. aureola – A. aurivillii – A. axina –
B

A. bailunduensis – A. bana – A. barberi – A. baxteri – A. bellona – A. bergeri – A. bergeriana – A. bomba – A. bonasia – A. boopis – A. braesia – A. brainei – A. buettneri – A. burgessi – A. burni – A. buschbecki –
C

A. cabira – A. caecilia – A. caldarena – A. calida – A. camaena – A. cepheus – A. cerasa – A. chaeribula – A. chambezi – A. chilo – A. cinerea – A. circeis – A. comor – A. conradti – A. consanguinea – A. cuva –
D

A. dewitzi – A. dammii – A. diogenes – A. disjuncta – A. dondoensis – A. doubledayi – A. ducarmei –
E

A. egina – A. ella – A. elongata – A. eltringhami – A. eltringhamiana – A. encedana – A. encedon – A. encoda – A. endoscota – A. epaea – A. epiprotea – A. epitellus – A. eponina – A. equatorialis – A. esebria – A. eugenia – A. excelsior – A. excisa –
F

A. formosa – A. fornax –
G

A. goetzei – A. grosvenori – A. guichardi – A. guillemei – A. guluensis –
H

A. hamata – A. hecqui – A. horta – A. hova – A. humilis – A. hypoleuca –
I

A. igati – A. igola – A. indentata – A. induna – A. insignis – A. insularis – A. intermedia – A. intermediodes – A. issoria – A. iturina – A. iturinoides –
J

A. jodutta – A. johnstoni – A. jordani –
K

A. kalinzu – A. kappa – A. karschi – A. kia – A. kinduana – A. kivuensis – A. kraka – A. kuekenthali –
L

A. lapidorum – A. leopoldina – A. lequeuxi – A. leucographa – A. leucopyga – A. lia – A. lofua – A. loranae – A. lualabae – A. lumiri – A. lusinga – A. lyci – A. lycoa – A. lygus –
M

A. macaria – A. macarista – A. machequena – A. magnifica – A. mahela – A. mairessei – A. manca – A. mansya – A. marnois – A. masamba – A. masaris – A. matuapa – A. medea – A. melanoxantha – A. mima – A. mirabilis – A. miranda – A. mirifica –
N

A. natalica – A. necoda – A. neobule – A. newtoni – A. niobe – A. nohara – A. ntebiae –
O

A. obeira – A. oberthueri – A. obliqua – A. odzalae – A. omrora – A. oncaea – A. onerata – A. oreas – A. orestia – A. orina – A. orinata – A. oscari – A. overlaeti –
P

A. paragea – A. parei – A. parrhasia – A. pelopeia – A. peneleos – A. penelope – A. pentapolis – A. perenna – A. periphanes – A. persanguinea – A. petraea – A. pharsalus – A. pierrei – A. poggei – A. polis – A. pseudatolmis – A. pseudegina – A. pseudepaea – A. pseudeuryta – A. pseudolycia – A. pudorella – A. pudorina – A. pullula – A. punctellata – A. punctimarginea –
Q

A. quadricolor – A. quirina – A. quirinalis –
R

A. rabbaiae – A. rahira – A. ranavalona – A. rangatana – A. rhodesiana – A. rileyi – A. rogersi – A. rohlfsi – A. rupicola –
S

A. safie – A. sambavae – A. satis – A. scalivittata – A. schubotzi – A. semivitrea – A. serena – A. severina – A. silia – A. siliana – A. simulata – A. simulator – A. sotikensis – A. speciosa – A. stenobea – A. strattipocles – A. sykesi –
T

A. tellus – A. terpsicore – A. toruna – A. translucida – A. trimeni – A. turlini – A. turna –
U

A. umbra – A. ungemachi – A. utengulensis – A. uvui –
V

A. ventura – A. vesperalis – A. vestalis – A. violae – A. violarum – A. viviana – A. vuilloti – A. vumbui –
W

A. wigginsi –
Z

A. zambesina – A. zetes – A. zitja – A. zonata – A. zoumi
Name

Acraea Fabricius, 1807, in Illiger

Type species: Papilio horta Linnaeus, 1764 by subsequent designation by Crotch, 1872
References

Oremans, Ph., 2012: Contribution à l'etude de la biodiversité des iles du Golfe de Guinée: description d'une nouvelle espèce et d'une nouvelle sous-espèce d'Acraea de Sao Tome et Principe. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Saturnafrica 11: 21–23.
Pierre, J., 1974. - Variation géographique et mimétisme chez Acraea encedon (Linné). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 83: 169–177
Pierre, J., 1975. - Variation géographique et polymorphisme chez Acraea pentapolis Ward, et Acraea vesperalis Gr. Smith (Lepidoptera Acraeidae). Lambillionea, 75 ( bis): 78–86
Pierre, J., 1976. - Polymorphisme et mimétisme chez deux espèces jumelles, Acraea encedon et Acraea encedana(Lep. Acraeidae). Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (N. S.) 12 (4): 621–638
Pierre, J., 1976. - Un nouveau cas d'espèces jumelles chez un Papillon mimétique, Acraea encedon L. (Lépidoptère Acraeide). C. R. Acad. Sc. Paris, t. 282: 731–734
Pierre, J., 1976. - Variations géographiques chez Acraea cepheus L., et description d'une nouvelle sous-espèce. Rev. Zool. Afr., 90, n° 2: 355–356
Guilbot & Pierre, J., 1978. - Etude comparative des premiers états de deux espèces-jumelles de Lépidoptères Acraeides: Acraea encedon (Linné) et A. encedanan J. Pierre. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., 83: 163–170
Pierre, J., 1978. - Polytypisme chez Acrae abdera, espèce distincte de Acraea cepheus (Lepidoptera Acraeidae). Lambillionea, 3-4: 21–31
Pierre, J. & Vuattoux, 1978. - Les Acraea de Côte d'Ivoire. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 83: 15–16
Pierre, J., 1979. - Le complexe ultraspécifique d'Acraea admatha Hewitson, reconnaissance de 6 espèces-jumelles, description de nouveaux taxons (Lepidoptéra Acraeidae). Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (N.S.) 15 (4): 719–737
Pierre, J., 1979. - Contribution à la biogéographie de la région Guinéenne: III - Le genre Acraea Fabricius (Lépidoptères). C. R. Soc. Biogéogr. 481: 73–79
Pierre, J., 1979. - Description d'une nouvelle espèce d'Acraeidae du Ruanda: Acraea turlini N. SP. (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Rev. Fr. Ent., 1: 27–29
Pierre, J., 1981. - Deux espèces-jumelles confondues sous le nom Acraea alciope Hewitson, (Lepidoptera Acraeidae). Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (N.S.) 17 (3): 349–357
Pierre, J., 1981. - Une nouvelle espèce d'Acraea dans le complexe ultra-spécifique "encedon" (Lep. Acraeidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 86: 79–87
Pierre, J., 1981. - Vicariance de deux prospecies Acraea natalica et Acraea pseudegina (Lépid. - Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, 1-4: 17–22
Pierre, J., 1985. - Systématique évolutive et spéciation chez les lépidoptères du genre Acraea. I - Introduction et complexes ultraspécifiques. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (N.S.) 21 (1): 5–27
Pierre, J., 1985. - Systématique évolutive et spéciation chez les lépidoptères du genre Acraea (Nymphalidae). Espèces vicariantes, sous-espèces et modalités d'isolement géogrraphique. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (N.S.) 21 (2): 141-
Pierre, J., 1985. - Morphologie comparée de l'appareil génital mâle des Acraeinae (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (N.S.): 381–391
Pierre, J., 1985. - Le sphragis chez les Acraeinae (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (N.S.): 393–398
Pierre, J., 1985. - Morphologie des grilles des Acraeinae (Lepidoptères Nymphalides). C. R. Acad. Sc. Paris, t. 300, 3, n° 8: 333
Pierre, J., 1986. - Morphologie comparée de l'appareil génital femelle des Acraeinae (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (N.S.): 53–65
Pierre, J., 1987. - Systématique cladistique chez les Acraea (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (N.S.):
Pierre, J. 1987. Les Acraea du groupe acrita: révision, eapèces nouvelles, phylogénie (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie N.S. 4(1): 5–27. Reference page.
Pierre, J., 1988. - Les Acraea du super-groupe "egina": révision et phylogénie (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 24, 3: 263–287
Pierre, J., 1990. - Acraea nouveau ou meconnu du super-groupe "neobule" (Lepidoptères, Nymphalidés). Bull. Soc. Sc. Nat., 68: 1–4
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 1991. - A propos d'Acraea kraka Aur. au Cameroun (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCI, 4: 319–322
Pierre, J., 1992. - Systématique évolutive et cladistique: approche morphologique, spéciation et génation, application chez les Acraea (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 97 (2): 105–118
Pierre, J., 1992. - Une nouvelle espèce d'Acraea (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCII, 4: 308–310
Pierre, J., 1992. - Les Acraeidae des Comores et Madagascar (Lepidoptères Rhopalocères). L'Entomologiste, 48 (6): 351–364
Pierre, J., 1993. - Acraea kaduna nouvelle espèce du groupe anacreon au Nigeria (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 98: 287–290
D. Bernaud, 1993. - Premiers stades d'Acraea kraka Aurivillius (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCIII, 3: 297–299
D. Bernaud, 1993. - Premiers stades d'Acraea rogersi Hewitson (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCIII, 4: 455–456
D. Bernaud, 1994. - Premiers stades d'Acraea sykesi (Sharpe) (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCIV, 1: 46–48
D. Bernaud, 1994. - Premiers stades d'Acraea caecilia (F.) (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCIV, 2: 181–183
D. Bernaud, 1994. - Premiers stades d'Acraea oreas (Sharpe) (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCIV, 3: 394–396
D. Bernaud, 1994. - Premiers stades d'Acraea iturina (Grose-Smith) (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCIV,4: 474–476
Pierre, J., 1995. - Les Acraea du groupe "braesia": révision, espèce nouvelle et phylogénie (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 100 (3): 307–314
D. Bernaud, 1995. - Premiers stades d'Acraea wigginsi occidentalis (Bethune-Baker) (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCV, 1: 21–25
D. Bernaud, 1995. - Les Acraea et leurs plantes-hôtes (cas du Mont Bana). Lambillionea, XCV, 2: 235–243
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 1995. - Premiers stades d'Acraea orestia (Hewitson) (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCV, 3: 432–434
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 1996. - Premiers stades d'Acraea zetes (Linné) (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCVI, 2: 404–406
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 1997. - Acraea terpsicore (Linné), problèmes de nomenclature et données biologiques (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 102 (5): 405–412
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 1997. - Premiers stades d'Acraea oberthueri (Butler) (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCVII, 1: 36–40
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 1997. - Premiers stades d'Acraea pharsalus (Ward) (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCVII, 2: 259–263
D. Bernaud, 1998. - Premiers stades d'Acraea egina (Cramer) au Cameroun (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCVIII, 3: 431–434
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 1999. - Révision de la super-espèce Acraea (pentapolis): A (p.) polis n. Sp., et premiers états de A. (pentapolis) et A. Vesperalis (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 104 (1): 5–14
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 1999. - Acraea serena (Fabricius, 1775) (=A. eponina Cramer, 1780), problème de nomenclature et premiers états (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 104 (4): 357–364
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 1999. - Révision d'Acraea parrhasia (Fabricius, 1793) et d'A. servona (Godart, 1819); premiers états (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, XCIX, 4: 589–596
D. Bernaud, 2000. - Premiers stades d'Acraea encedon (Linné) et d'Acraea encedana (Pierre) Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, C, 2: 306–308
D. Bernaud, 2000. - Ecologie des Acraea du parc de la Sangba (République Centrafricaine) (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, C, suppl. 4: 1–21
Pierre, J., 2000. - Acraea peetersi Pierre, 1992, description du mâle et position phyletique (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, C, suppl. 4: 22–24
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 2000. - Premiers états d'Acraea pseudegina (Westwood) et d'Acraea natalica (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, C, 1: 2–6
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 2001. - Premiers états d'Acraea jodutta au Cameroun (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae). Lambillonea, C1, 2, juin 2001: 197–202
D. Bernaud, 2002. - Acraea du Zimbabwe; A. burni Butler, 1896, révision et premier états (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., 107 (5), 2002: 509–514
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 2002. - Premiers états d'Acraea rahira Boisduval (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, CII, 3: 245–250
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud & Oremans, 2002. - Les Acraea de Sao Tomé (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bull. Sté Ent. Fr, 107 (3): 285–294
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 2003. - Acraea johnstoni Godman, 1885, révision et premiers états (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., 108 (2), 2003: 167–175
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 2003. - Acraea lycoa Godart, 1819, révision et premiers états (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., 108 (4), 2003: 419–425
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud & C. Joly, 2003. - Les Acraea du Ghana (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, CIII, 2, juin 2003: 297–318
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 2004. - Les Acraea du Malawi: A. boopis choloui Pierre, 1979, premiers états (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., 109 (5), 2004: 485–488
Pierre, J. 2004. Un nouvel Acraea centrafricain, A. (A.) atatis n. sp. (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 109(1): 73–76. Reference page.
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud & Joly, 2005. - Entomological mission to Malawi. Lambillionea, CV, 1, 2005, suppl 1: 1–31
Pierre, J., 2006: Acraea lyci, nouvelle espèce de Tanzanie (Lep. Nymphalidae), Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 111 (4): 544.
Pierre, J., 2006. - Acraea lyci, nouvelle espèce de Tanzanie (Lep. Nymphalidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., 111 (4), 2006:
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 2007. - Acraea cabira, A. sotikensis et espèces voisines. Révision et premiers états. Lambillonea, CVII, 1bis, supplément II, Mai 2007: 1–14
Pierre, J. & Amiet, J.L., 2007. - Acraea (Actinote) rupicola Schultze, 1912, bona species, révision et premiers états(Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 112 (1), 2007: 63–72
D. Bernaud & R. Ducarme, 2008. - Revue du clade II1 (groupe Acraea cerasa) sur la base de captures récentes(Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Acraeidae). Ent. Africana 13 (2), 2008: 45–52
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 2008. - Phylogénie des Acraea du groupe "epaea" (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 113 (2), 2008: 137–148
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 2008. - Acraea epaea (Cramer, 1779), premiers états et révision du complexe "epaea"(Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, CVIII, 4, Décembre 2008: 403–416
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud & C. Joly & R. Murphy, 2008. - Second entomological mission to Malawi. Lambillionea, CVIII, 4, Décembre 2008, supplément: 3–47
Pierre, J. & D. Bernaud, 2009. - Le genre Acraea Fabricius, 1807, sous-genre Actinote. Le genre Acraea Fabricius, 1807, sous-genre Actinote. Butterflies of the World, part 31 and supplement, Keltern, Goecke & Evers
Pierre, J., 2009. - Complément à la faune des Acraea du Ghana (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Lambillionea, CIX, 2, Septembre 2009: 245–249
Pierre, J. & Bernaud, D., 2012: Revision of the Acraea (Acraea) of epaea group (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 117(1): 7–36. Reference page.

Vernacular names
Afrikaans: Rooitjies
中文: 珍蝶屬

Acraea is a genus of brush-footed butterflies (family Nymphalidae) of the subfamily Heliconiinae. It seems to be highly paraphyletic and has long been used as a "wastebin taxon" to unite about 220 species of anatomically conservative Acraeini. Most species assembled here are restricted to the African region, but some are found in India, Southeast Asia, and Australia.[2]

The foodplants of their caterpillars are usually Urticaceae or, like in most Heliconiinae, Passifloraceae. Some feed on other plants, such as Fabaceae, "Flacourtiaceae" or Violaceae. Their preferred species contain cyanogenic glycosides, which make the larvae and adults poisonous to predators. The aposematic coloration of the adults announces this, and some species are mimicked by less noxious butterflies. At least some "Acraea" are able to produce the toxins themselves.[2]

Systematics and taxonomy
Mimicry complex of Acraea egina (top left), Graphium ridleyanus (Acraea Swordtail, top right) and Pseudacraea boisduvali (Boisduval’s False Acraea, bottom)

That all these species were properly placed in Acraea has never been generally accepted. In 1807, Johan Christian Fabricius established the genus for the Garden Acraea, described as Papilio horta by Carl Linnaeus in 1764, and its relatives. By and by, an increasing number of species were placed here. As early as 1848, and again in 1887 and the early 1990s, it was attempted to divide the genus into groups of closest relatives, as it was suspected that some "Acraea" might actually be closer to other genera in the tribe Acraeini.[3]

With increasing availability of DNA sequence data, it is confirmed that Acraea as loosely defined does not constitute a monophyletic group. Even before the attempts to split up Acraea in earnest had begun, Jacob Hübner in 1819 suggested to separate species around Acraea serena as Telchinia. This name has been applied to a generally African group whose members usually feed on Urticaceae, and they had already been noted to bear some uncanny resemblances to the American Actinote in anatomical details. Indeed, they seem to be closer relatives of these than of the other butterflies placed in Acraea, which usually feed on Passifloraceae and are at least in part quite close relatives of the African genus Bematistes. Those closest to that genus might warrant separation as Rubraea or Stephenia.[3]

But while several informal "species groups" have been established, it is not clear which of these are monophyletic and how to split the apparently still paraphyletic genus further. The placement of the Garden Acraea -- the type species -- and hence which of the any further subdivisions will get to bear the name Acraea, remains unresolved. As it is traditionally included in the former A. terpsicore group (now A. serena group) and its caterpillars, while polyphagous, do not feed on Urticaceae, it may be that the separation of Telchinia is unwarranted and other proposed genera might be resurrected instead.[1]

There was one major misidentification which still causes confusion today. Acraea terpsicore, described as Papilio terpsicore by Linnaeus in 1758, was held to be the senior synonym of A. serena, described by Fabricius as Papilio serena in 1775. Hence, the former name was commonly used for that African species. But as it turned out, Linnaeus had actually described an Indian species -- the well-known Tawny Coaster. Fabricius in 1793 believed it was new to science and described it again, as Papilio violae. Consequently it had been long known as A. violae. It was also recognized that Fabricius' little-studied P. serena was none other than the Orange Acraea. For this, the name A. eponina, from the Papilio eponina established in the 1780 issue of Pieter Cramer's De uitlandsche Kapellen, had been used all the time.[4]

Species[5]

Since the proposed phylogenetic sequence of the "species groups" is almost certainly incorrect for a large part, the groups are simply listed alphabetically.[4]
Small Greasy (A. andromacha)

Acraea acrita species group

Acraea acrita – Fiery Acraea
Acraea chaeribula
Acraea eltringhamiana
Acraea guluensis
Acraea lualabae
Acraea manca
Acraea pudorina – Kenyan Fiery Acraea
Acraea utangulensis – Tanzanian Fiery Acraea

Acraea andromacha species group (close to part of A. serena group?)

Acraea andromacha – Small Greasy, "glasswing"

Acraea anemosa species group

Acraea anemosa – Broad-bordered Acraea
Acraea pseudolycia
Acraea turna

Acraea aureola species group

Acraea aureola

Yellow-banded Acraea (A. cabira)

Acraea bonasia species group (close to A. oberthuri and A. rahira groups? Paraphyletic?)

Acraea acerata – Falls Acraea
Acraea alicia
Acraea bonasia
Acraea burgessi
Acraea cabira – Yellow-banded Acraea
Acraea eponina – Small Orange Acraea, "Orange Acraea"
Acraea excelsior
Acraea goetzei
Acraea karschi
Acraea jordani
Acraea lumiri
Acraea mirabilis – Marvelous Acraea
Acraea miranda – Desert Acraea, Somali Acraea
Acraea rangatana
Acraea sotikensis – Sotik Acraea
Acraea uvui – Tiny Acraea
Acraea ventura

Acraea caecilia species group (close to A. cepheus and A. egina groups?)

Acraea aglaonice – Clear-spotted Acraea
Acraea asboloplintha – Black-winged Acraea
Acraea atergatis
Acraea axina – Little Acraea
Acraea braesia
Acraea caecilia (type species of Stephenia)
Acraea caldarena – Black-tipped Acraea, Black Tip Acraea
Acraea doubledayi
Acraea ella
Acraea equatorialis
Acraea leucopyga
Acraea lygus – Lygus Acraea
Acraea marnois
Acraea natalica – Natal Acraea
Acraea oncaea – Window Acraea
Acraea pseudegina
Acraea pudorella
Acraea rhodesiana
Acraea stenobea – Suffused Acraea
Acraea sykesi – Sykes' Acraea

Acraea cepheus specimen

Acraea cepheus species group (close to A. caecilia and A. egina groups?)

Acraea abdera
Acraea asema
Acraea atolmis
Acraea bailundensis
Acraea buettneri
Acraea cepheus
Acraea chambezi
Acraea diogenes
Acraea guillemei
Acraea lofua
Acraea mansya
Acraea nohara – Light Red Acraea
Acraea onerata
Acraea periphanes
Acraea petraea – Blood-red Acraea, Blood Acraea
Acraea punctellata
Acraea rohlfsi
Acraea violarum – Speckled Red Acraea

Acraea grosvenori

Acraea circeis species group (close to A. masamba and A. pentapolis groups?)

Acraea buschbecki
Acraea circeis (type species of Gnesia)
Acraea conradti
Acraea grosvenori
Acraea kuekenthali
Acraea mairessei
Acraea melanoxantha
Acraea newtoni
Acraea ntebiae
Acraea oreas
Acraea orina
Acraea orinata
Acraea parrhasia
Acraea pelopeia
Acraea peneleos
Acraea penelope – Penelope's Acraea
Acraea perenna
Acraea semivitrea (type species of Alacria)
Acraea translucida
Acraea ungemachi
Acraea vumbui

Common Acraea (A. encedon)

Acraea egina species group (close to A. caecilia and A. cepheus groups?)

Acraea egina (type species of Rubraea)
Acraea medina

Acraea encedon species group (close to A. jodutta and A. pharsalus groups?) – Common Acraea or White-barred Acraea or Encedon Acraea

Acraea encedana – Pierre's Acraea
Acraea encedon – Common Acraea (type species of Hyalites)
Acraea neocoda

Acraea issoria species group (a rather distinct lineage?)

Acraea issoria – Yellow Coster (type species of Pareba)

Acraea amicitiae

Acraea jodutta species group (close to A. encedon and A. pharsalus groups?)

Acraea actinotina
Acraea acuta
Acraea alciope
Acraea alciopoides
Acraea amicitiae
Acraea ansorgei
Acraea aurivillii
Acraea baxteri
Acraea disjuncta
Acraea esebria – Dusky Acraea
Acraea insularis
Acraea jodutta
Acraea johnstoni
Acraea lycoa (type species of Planema)
Acraea masaris
Acraea niobe
Acraea safie

Dusky-veined Acraea (A. igola)

Acraea masamba species group (close to A. circeis and A. pentapolis groups?)

Acraea aubyni – Aubyn Rogers' Acraea
Acraea cinerea – Grey Acraea
Acraea fornax
Acraea igola – Dusky-veined Acraea
Acraea masamba
Acraea orestia
Acraea quirinalis
Acraea sambavae
Acraea siliana
Acraea simulata
Acraea strattipocles

Acraea oberthuri species group (close to A. bonasia group?)

Acraea althoffi – Althoff's Acraea
Acraea bergeri
Acraea oberthuri[verification needed]
Acraea pseudepaea

Acraea pentapolis species group (close to A. circeis and A. masamba groups?)

Acraea pentapolis
Acraea vesperalis

Acraea pharsalus species group (close to A. encedon and A. jodhutta groups?)

Acraea pharsalus
Acraea vuilloti

Acraea rahira species group (close to A. bonasia group?)

Acraea anacreon – Large Orange Acraea, "Orange Acraea" (type species of Auracraea)
Acraea anacreontica
Acraea bomba
Acraea calida
Acraea guichardi
Acraea lusinga
Acraea mirifica
Acraea rahira – Marsh Acraea
Acraea speciosa
Acraea wigginsi
Acraea zitja

Garden Acraea (A. horta) pupa (left) and caterpillar

Acraea satis species group

Acraea rabbaiae – Clear-wing Acraea
Acraea satis – East Coast Acraea
Acraea zonata

Tawny Coasters (A. serena) mating

Acraea serena species group (formerly A. terpsicore group, polyphyletic?)

Acraea admatha
Acraea boopis – Rainforest Acraea
Acraea burni
Acraea camaena (close to part of A. andromacha group?)
Acraea cerasa – Tree-top Acraea (a rather distinct lineage?)
Acraea cuva
Acraea dammii
Acraea eltringhami
Acraea eugenia
Acraea hamata
Acraea horta – Garden Acraea (type species of Acraea)
Acraea hova
Acraea humilis
Acraea igati (type species of Solenites)
Acraea insignis
Acraea iturina (close to A. circeis group?)
Acraea iturinoides
Acraea kalinzu
Acraea lia
Acraea kraka
Acraea leucographa
Acraea machequena – Machequena Acraea
Acraea mahela
Acraea matuapa
Acraea neobule – Wandering Donkey Acraea (close to A. zetes group?)
Acraea obeira – Pale-yellow Acraea (close to A. andromacha group?)
Acraea quirina (close to A. andromacha group?)
Acraea ranavalona (type species of Phanopeltis)
Acraea rileyi
Acraea rogersi (a rather distinct lineage?)
Acraea serena – Dancing Acraea (formerly misidentified as A. eponina, A. terpsicore; type species of Telchinia)

Acara Acraea (A. acara)

Acraea terpsicore species group (formerly A. violae group)

Acraea terpsicore – Tawny Coaster (formerly A. violae)

Acraea zetes species group (might include part of A. serena group; a very distinct lineage?)

Acraea acara – Acara Acraea
Acraea barberi – Barber's Acraea
Acraea chilo
Acraea hypoleuca
Acraea magnifica
Acraea trimeni – Trimen's Acraea
Acraea zetes

Species group undetermined

Acraea acutipennis
Acraea adrasta
Acraea alalonga – Long-winged Orange Acraea (included in "Telchinia")
Acraea alcinoe
Acraea alticola
Acraea annonae
Acraea atatis
Acraea bellona
Acraea bergeriana
Acraea brainei
Acraea comor
Acraea consanguinea
Acraea dondoensis
Acraea elongata
Acraea encoda
Acraea endoscota (close to A. andromacha group?)
Acraea epaea
Acraea epiprotea
Acraea excisa
Acraea formosa
Acraea hecqui
Acraea indentata
Acraea induna – Induna Acraea (included in "Telchinia")
Acraea intermedia
Acraea intermediodes
Acraea kappa
Acraea kia
Acraea kinduana
Acraea lapidorum
Acraea leopoldina
Acraea loranae
Acraea lyci
Acraea macaria
Acraea macarista
Acraea mima
Acraea obliqua
Acraea odzalae
Acraea oscari
Acraea overlaeti
Acraea parei
Acraea peetersi
Acraea persanguinea
Acraea pierrei
Acraea polis (close to A. circeis, A. masamba and A. pentapolis groups?)
Acraea pseudatolmis
Acraea pseuderytra
Acraea pullula
Acraea quadricolor
Acraea rupicola
Acraea scalivittata
Acraea silia
Acraea simulator
Acraea tellus
Acraea toruna
Acraea turlini
Acraea umbra
Acraea vestalis
Acraea zambesina
Acraea zoumi

Some other species formerly in Acraea have now been definitely assigned to other genera, e.g. the African Wanderer butterfly (Bematistes aganice).
Footnotes

^ a b See references in Haaramo (2007)
^ a b Silva-Brandão et al. (2008)
^ a b Pitkin & Jenkins (2004), Silva-Brandão et al. (2008). See also references in Haaramo (2007).
^ a b Silva-Brandão et al. (2008); see also references in Haaramo (2007)
^ Woodhall (2005)

References

Pitkin, B. & Jenkins, P. (2004): Butterflies and Moths of the World: Generic Names and their Type-species. Version of 2004-NOV-05. Retrieved 2008-AUG-15.
Savela, Markku (2007): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms – Acraea. Version of 2007-JUN-05. Retrieved 2008-AUG-15.
Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas; Wahlberg, Niklas;, Francini, Ronaldo Bastos; Azeredo-Espin, Ana Maria L.; Brown, Keith S. Jr.; Paluch, Márlon; Lees, David C. & Freitas, André V.L. (2008): Phylogenetic relationships of butterflies of the tribe Acraeini (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) and the evolution of host plant use. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 46(2): 515-531. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.11.024 PDF fulltext
Woodhall (2005): Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Cape Town: Struik Publishers.