Batrachedra

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Superfamilia: Gelechioidea

Familia: Batrachedridae
Genus: Batrachedra
Species (136): B. acrodeta – B. agaura – B. albanica – B. albicapitella – B. albistrigella – B. amydraula – B. angusta – B. aphypnota – B. arenosella – B. astathma – B. astricta – B. atomosella – B. atriloqua – B. bedelliella – B. bermudensis – B. busiris – B. calator – B. capnospila – B. clemensella – B. comosae – B. concitata – B. concors – B. confusella – B. conspersa – B. copia – B. crypsineura – B. cuniculata – B. curvilineella – B. daduchus – B. decoctor – B. diplosema – B. ditrota – B. dolichoscia – B. elucus – B. enormis – B. ephelus – B. epimyxa – B. epixantha – B. epombra – B. eremochtha – B. eucola – B. eurema – B. eustola – B. filicicola – B. folia – B. garritor – B. granosa – B. hageter – B. halans – B. helarcha – B. heliota – B. holochlora – B. hologramma – B. hypachroa – B. hypoleuca – B. hypoxutha – B. illusor – B. isochtha – B. kabulella – B. knabi – B. leucophyta – B. libator – B. linaria – B. liopis – B. litterata – B. lomentella – B. lygropis – B. macroloncha – B. mathesoni – B. meator – B. megalodoxa – B. metaxias – B. microbias – B. microdryas – B. microstigma – B. microtoma – B. mictopsamma – B. monophthalma – B. mylephata – B. myrmecophila – B. notocapna – B. nuciferae – B. ochricomella – B. oemias – B. orinarcha – B. pacabilis – B. pachybela – B. paritor – B. parvulipunctella – B. pastor – B. peltias – B. phaneropa – B. phorcydia – B. phragmitidella – B. pinicolella – B. plagiocentra – B. praeangusta – B. praeangustella – B. promylaea – B. psilopa – B. psithyra – B. pulvella – B. rainha – B. repertor – B. rhysodes – B. rixator – B. ruficiliata – B. sacrata – B. salicipomenella – B. salina – B. satirica – B. saurota – B. scapulata – B. scitator – B. siliginea – B. silvatica – B. smilacis – B. sophroniella – B. stegodyphobius – B. stenosema – B. sterilis – B. striolata – B. subglauca – B. substrata – B. supercincta – B. tarsimaculata – B. testor – B. theca – B. trimeris – B. tristicta – B. turdipennella – B. unifasciella – B. velox – B. verax – B. volucris – B. xanthocrena – B. zenochroa
Name

Batrachedra Herrich-Schäffer, 1853
Synonymy

Eustaintonia Spuler, 1910 (junior subjective synonym)

References

Template:Herrich-Schäffer, 1853

Berggren, K., Aarvik, L., Huemer, P., Lee, K.M. & Mutanen, M. 2022. Integrative taxonomy reveals overlooked cryptic diversity in the conifer feeding Batrachedra pinicolella (Zeller, 1839) (Lepidoptera, Batrachedridae). ZooKeys 1085ː 165–182. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1085.76853 Open access Reference page.
Bippus, M. 2020b. Records of Lepidoptera from the Malagasy region with description of new species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, Noctuidae, Alucitidae, Choreutidae, Euteliidae, Gelechiidae, Blastobasidae, Pterophoridae, Tonzidae, Tineidae, Praydidae, Cosmopterigidae, Batrachedridae). Phelsuma 28: 60-100. Full article (PDF). Reference page.
Sugisima, K., 2006: Batrachedra smilacis sp. nov. (Gelechioidea: Coleophoridae s.l.), whose larva is frequently detected in inspections of Smilax china (Smilacaceae) imported from China as a fruit-borer. Transactions of the Lepidopterological Society of Japan 57(2): 111–122. Abstract and full article: [1].

Batrachedra is the largest genus in the moth family Batrachedridae, with representatives all over the world. The early stages of most species are unknown.[2] The genus name is derived from the Greek words batrachos, 'frog', and edra, 'seat', referring to the frog-like resting posture of the adult moths.[3][4] As of 2018 at least some 114 species are known to belong to the genus.[5]

Distribution

There are only three species found in Europe.[6] There is an especially high amount of biodiversity in the Indomalayan realm.
Ecology

Of most species little is known about the ecology, but of those of which it is known, the caterpillars across the genus use a large variety of host plants. At least two mine within pine or spruce needles, one is found respectively on Cyperaceae, Juncaceae, Salix and Populus, one is a pest of pineapples, another a pest of Agave, one feeds on the fruit of Smilax china and another on types of palms from Brazil.[5][7]
Species

The genus contains the following species:[8]

Batrachedra acrodeta Meyrick, 1927 (from Samoa)
Batrachedra agaura Meyrick, 1901 (from New Zealand)
Batrachedra albicapitella Sinev, 1986 (from the Koreas, Japan, south of far eastern Siberia)
Batrachedra amydraula Meyrick, 1916 (from India, UAE)
Batrachedra angusta Turati, 1930 (from northernmost Africa)
Batrachedra aphypnota (Meyrick, 1917) (from Sri Lanka)
Batrachedra arenosella (Walker, 1864) (widespread, New Zealand, Australia, etc.)
Batrachedra astathma Meyrick, 1897 (from Australia)
Batrachedra astricta Philpott, 1930 (from New Zealand)
Batrachedra atomosella Walsingham, 1900 (from Socotra)
Batrachedra atriloqua Meyrick, 1931 (from Fiji)
Batrachedra auricomella Sinev, 1993 (from Primorsky Krai)
Batrachedra busiris Hodges, 1966 (from Florida in the USA)
Batrachedra calator Hodges, 1966 (from Mexico)
Batrachedra capnospila Lower, 1899 (from New South Wales in Australia)
Batrachedra chasanella Sinev, 1993 (from Primorsky Krai)
Batrachedra comosae Hodges, 1966 (from Puerto Rico)
Batrachedra concitata Meyrick, 1928 (from Texas, New Mexico)
Batrachedra conspersa Meyrick, 1916 (from Ecuador)
Batrachedra copia Clarke, 1957 (from Mexico)
Batrachedra daduchus Hodges, 1966 (from Jamaica)
Batrachedra decoctor Hodges, 1966 (from Florida and Bermuda)
Batrachedra diplosema Meyrick, 1897 (from Queensland in Australia)
Batrachedra ditrota Meyrick, 1897 (from Australia)
Batrachedra dolichoscia Meyrick, 1928 (Neotropical)
Batrachedra elucus Hodges, 1966 (Arizona)
Batrachedra enormis Meyrick, 1928 (Neotropical)
Batrachedra epimyxa Meyrick, 1916 (India)
Batrachedra epixantha Meyrick, 1917 (from Australia)
Batrachedra epombra Meyrick, 1914 (from Africa)
Batrachedra eremochtha (from Australia)
Batrachedra eucola Meyrick, 1889 (New Zealand)
Batrachedra eurema Bradley, 1956 (from Guadalcanal, Lord Howe Island)
Batrachedra eustola Meyrick, 1889 (Australia)
Batrachedra filicicola Meyrick, 1917 (New Zealand)
Batrachedra folia Hodges, 1966 (Arizona)
Batrachedra garritor Hodges, 1966 (Arizona)
Batrachedra granosa Meyrick, 1911 (from Namibia, South Africa)
Batrachedra hageter Hodges, 1966 (California)
Batrachedra helarcha (from Australia)
Batrachedra heliota Meyrick, 1913 (from South Africa)
Batrachedra holochlora (from Australia)
Batrachedra hypachroa (from Australia)
Batrachedra hypoleuca
Batrachedra hypoxutha
Batrachedra illusor
Batrachedra isochtha Meyrick, 1914 (from Congo, Uganda, South Africa)
Batrachedra knabi (Walsingham, 1909) (Neotropical)
Batrachedra leucophyta (from Australia)
Batrachedra libator
Batrachedra linaria
Batrachedra liopsis (from Australia)
Batrachedra litterata
Batrachedra lygropis (from Australia)
Batrachedra macroloncha
Batrachedra mathesoni
Batrachedra meator Hodges, 1966 (Neotropical)
Batrachedra megalodoxa (from Australia)
Batrachedra metaxias (from Australia)
Batrachedra microbias Meyrick, 1914 (from South Africa)
Batrachedra microdryas (from Australia)
Batrachedra microtoma (from Australia)
Batrachedra mictopsamma
Batrachedra monophthalma
Batrachedra mylephata (from Australia)
Batrachedra myrmecophila
Batrachedra notocapna (from Australia)
Batrachedra nuciferae Hodges, 1966 (Neotropical)
Batrachedra ochricomella Sinev, 1993 (Russia)
Batrachedra oemias Meyrick, 1909 (from South Africa)
Batrachedra orinarcha Meyrick, 1917 (India)
Batrachedra pacabilis Meyrick, 1922
Batrachedra pachybela Meyrick, 1934 (from Sudan)
Batrachedra paritor Hodges, 1966 (Neotropical)
Batrachedra parvulipunctella Chrétien, 1915 (from Europe)
Batrachedra pastor Meyrick, 1936 (Taiwan)
Batrachedra peroptusa Meyrick, 1922 (Neotropical)
Batrachedra phaneropa Meyrick, 1914 (from Malawi)
Batrachedra phorcydia (from Australia)
Batrachedra pinicolella (Zeller, 1839) (from Europe, Palearctic)
Batrachedra plagiocentra (from Australia)
Batrachedra praeangusta (Haworth, 1828) (from Europe, Palearctic)
Batrachedra promylaea Meyrick, 1917 (India)
Batrachedra psithyra Meyrick, 1922 (New Zealand)
Batrachedra rainha Bippus, 2020
Batrachedra repertor Hodges, 1966 (Neotropical)
Batrachedra rhysodes
Batrachedra rixator Hodges, 1966 (Neotropical)
Batrachedra sacrata Meyrick, 1921 (India)
Batrachedra salicipomenella
Batrachedra salina Meyrick, 1921 (from Australia)
Batrachedra satirica Meyrick, 1917 (from Australia)
Batrachedra saurota Meyrick, 1911 (from South Africa)
Batrachedra scapulata Meyrick, 1917 (Sri Lanka)
Batrachedra scitator
Batrachedra siliginea (from Australia)
Batrachedra smilacis Sugisima, 2006
Batrachedra stenosema Lower, 1904
Batrachedra sterilis Meyrick, 1897 (from Australia)
Batrachedra striolata
Batrachedra subglauca Sinev, 1979 (Russia)
Batrachedra substrata Meyrick, 1916 (Sri Lanka)
Batrachedra tarsimaculata Walsingham, 1897 (West Indies)
Batrachedra testor Hodges, 1966 (Florida)
Batrachedra theca Clarke, 1957 (Neotropical)
Batrachedra trimeris Meyrick, 1897 (from Australia)
Batrachedra tristicta Meyrick, 1901 (New Zealand)
Batrachedra velox Meyrick, 1897 (from Australia)
Batrachedra verax Meyrick, 1917 (Sri Lanka)
Batrachedra volucris (from Australia)
Batrachedra xanthocrena Meyrick, 1917 (India)
Batrachedra zenochroa Lower, 1904 (from Australia)

Selected former species

Batrachedra albanica
Batrachedra albistrigella
Batrachedra bedelliella
Batrachedra bermudensis
Batrachedra clemensella
Batrachedra concors
Batrachedra crypsineura
Batrachedra cuniculata
Batrachedra curvilineella
Batrachedra ephelus
Batrachedra halans
Batrachedra hologramma
Batrachedra kabulella
Batrachedra ledereriella (Zeller, 1850) (from southern Europe, Canary Islands, Morocco)
Batrachedra lomentella
Batrachedra microstigma
Batrachedra peroptusa Meyrick, 1922 (Neotropical)
Batrachedra phragmitidella
Batrachedra praeangustella
Batrachedra psilopa
Batrachedra pulvella
Batrachedra ruficiliata
Batrachedra silvatica
Batrachedra sophroniella
Batrachedra stegodyphobius
Batrachedra supercincta
Batrachedra turdipennella
Batrachedra unifasciella

References

Revised Checklist of Batrachedridae in Neotropical Region
Emmet, A Maitland; Langmaid, John R; Bland, K P; Fletcher, D S; Harley, B H; Robinson, G S; Skinner, Bernard; Tremewan, W G, eds. (2002). The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland. Volume 4, Part 1. Colchester: Harley Books. p. 202. ISBN 0-946589-66-6.
Hoare, Robert J. B. (2014). A photographic guide to moths & butterflies of New Zealand. Ball, Olivier. Auckland: New Holland Publishers. p. 37. ISBN 9781869663995. OCLC 891672034.
Zimmerman, Elwood C. (1978). Insects of Hawaii (PDF). Vol. 9 Microlepidoptera. Honolulu: The University Press of Hawaii. pp. 1003–1015.
Savela, Markku (30 December 2018). "Batrachedra". Lepidoptera and some other life forms. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
"Batrachedra Herrich-Schäffer, 1853". Fauna Europaea. Fauna Europaea Secretariat, Museum für Naturkunde Leibniz & Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
Hodges, Ronald W. (December 1966). "Review of New World Species of Batrachedra, with Description of Three New Genera (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea)". Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 92 (4): 585–651. JSTOR 25077925.
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera Generic Names Catalog